Discriminative‐Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Light and Moderate Drinkers

Rush, Craig R.; Kelly, Thomas H.; Fillmore, Mark T.; Hays, Lon R.

doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2003.tb04400.x

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 32 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Consistent with previous studies that were unable to detect group differences between light and moderate drinkers with respect to the discriminative-stimulus effects of triazolam (33), in the present study no differences were found between women's and men's ability to discriminate triazolam. As described above, the women and men had to meet the same discrimination criterion before progressing to a test-ofnovel-doses phase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Discriminative-Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Women and Men

Vansickel

Hays

Rush

2006

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Benzodiazepines are among the most commonly prescribed therapeutics. Women seem to be more likely than men to be prescribed a benzodiazepine and to use benzodiazepines for nonmedical reasons; they also appear to be at higher risk for benzodiazepine dependence. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the acute behavioral effects of a benzodiazepine in women and men. To accomplish this, 13 volunteers (6 women, 7 men) first learned to discriminate 0.375-mg triazolam, a triazolobenzodiazepine hypnotic. After acquiring the discrimination, (i.e., >80% correct responding on 4 consecutive sessions) a range of doses of triazolam (0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, and 0.375 mg) were tested in each participant. Triazolam dose dependently increased drug-appropriate responding and subject ratings of sedation and impaired performance (i.e., significant effect of dose). The women and men did not differ significantly on any measure. The results of the present experiment suggest that women and men are not differentially sensitive to the behavioral effects of triazolam.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Discriminative-Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Women and Men

Vansickel

Hays

Rush

2006

The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

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Physiological doses of progesterone potentiate the effects of triazolam in healthy, premenopausal women

et al. 2011

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Rationale Gender plays a critical role in the effects of drugs and drug abuse liability. Biological factors, including ovarian hormones, may contribute to gender differences in drug abuse. Preclinical and some clinical research suggests that progesterone and its metabolites have activity at the GABAA receptor and may enhance the effect of GABAergic compounds (e.g., benzodiazepines). Because women are exposed to varying levels of progesterone from puberty until menopause, and appear more sensitive to the negative consequences of benzodiazepine use, it is important to understand the impact of progesterone on GABAergic drug effects. Objectives The purpose of this experiment was to characterize the behavioral effects of progesterone, alone and in combination with the short-acting benzodiazepine, triazolam, to determine if progesterone potentiates the behavioral effects of triazolam. Methods Oral micronized progesterone (0, 100, and 200 mg) and oral triazolam (0.00, 0.12, and 0.25 mg/70 kg) were administered to healthy, premenopausal women (n=11) under conditions of low circulating sex hormones. The subjective, performance and physiological effects of progesterone, alone and in combination with triazolam, were assessed. Results Triazolam alone produced prototypical sedative-like effects. Progesterone alone also engendered some sedative effects, although the time course of the effects was more limited than that of triazolam. Progesterone increased and extended the duration of triazolam effects and delayed the onset of triazolam peak effects, most notably at the 0.12 mg/70 kg dose. Conclusions Progesterone potentiates the behavioral effects of benzodiazepines and may contribute to benzodiazepine use and abuse among women.

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Modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of triazolam across the menstrual cycle phase in healthy pre-menopausal women

Babalonis

Emurian

Martin

et al. 2008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Pre-clinical studies indicate that changes in progesterone levels across menstrual cycle phases modulate the behavioral effects of sedative drugs acting at GABA(A) receptor sites. In this study, seven healthy women learned to discriminate triazolam (0.25 mg/70 kg) from placebo. After acquiring the discrimination, a range of triazolam doses (0.00, 0.06, 0.12 and 0.25 mg/70 kg) was tested during the early follicular and mid-luteal menstrual cycle phases. During the mid-luteal phase, when progesterone levels were elevated, 0.12 mg/70 kg triazolam was identified as the active triazolam training dose (0.25 mg/70 kg), whereas 0.12 mg/70 kg triazolam was identified as placebo during the early follicular phase, when progesterone levels were low. Triazolam engendered prototypical sedative effects on subjective effect, performance and cardiovascular measures that were generally independent of cycle phase. These results suggest that the discriminative stimulus effects of the positive GABA(A) modulator, triazolam, are sensitive to menstrual cycle phase in healthy adult women.

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Discriminative‐Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Light and Moderate Drinkers

Abstract: Future studies should examine the discriminative-stimulus effects of a lower dose of triazolam (e.g., 0.25 mg) in light and moderate drinks or use a fading procedure to determine differences in terms of the lowest discriminable dose.

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Discriminative-Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Women and Men

Discriminative-Stimulus Effects of Triazolam in Women and Men

Physiological doses of progesterone potentiate the effects of triazolam in healthy, premenopausal women

Modulation of the discriminative stimulus effects of triazolam across the menstrual cycle phase in healthy pre-menopausal women

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