Discrimination of Soils at Regional and Local Levels Using Bacterial and Fungal T-RFLP Profiling*

Macdonald, Catriona A.; Ang, Robina; Cordiner, Stephen J.; Horswell, Jacqui

doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01542.x

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Soil community metagenomic techniques such as T-RFLP (Heath and Saunders, 2006;Horswell et al, 2002;Macdonald et al, 2011;Meyers and Foran, 2008), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) (Lerner et al, 2006), and amplicon length heterogeneity-polymerase chain reaction (ALH-PCR) (Moreno et al, 2006) have been evaluated for their usefulness in forensic investigations. Lerner et al (2006) concluded that DGGE was potentially useful but applied a long list of caveats to its wide adoption by forensic practitioners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lerner et al (2006) concluded that DGGE was potentially useful but applied a long list of caveats to its wide adoption by forensic practitioners. Macdonald et al (2011) evaluated T-RFLP on soil bacterial and fungal communities as a method of discriminating among sites of similar geology. They were able to discriminate statistically among 93% of their sites, although principal component analysis revealed high similarity among sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Soil Texture on Richness and Diversity of Bacterial Communities

Chau

Bagtzoglou

Willig

2011

Environmental Forensics

153

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Bacterial diversity in soil is high relative to more homogeneous environments (e.g., freshwater or marine habitats). Isolation imparted by fragmented aquatic microhabitats in unsaturated soil likely plays a large role in creating this diversity. We evaluate the role of soil texture, which determines the extent and connectivity of microhabitats, in constraining bacterial diversity. Soil samples with a range of textures were collected from sixteen sites across Connecticut and Massachusetts. Soil particle size distributions were measured to determine soil texture (% sand, % silt and % clay). Soil chemical characteristics (e.g., pH, % , %N) that might influence diversity were quantified for each site. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis was performed to characterize the diversity (richness, Shannon's H , and evenness) of soil bacterial communities. Bacterial species richness increased significantly (p = 0.04) with the coarseness of the soil, quantified as % sand. No trend in H or E were observed; all communities exhibited high diversity and evenness. The increase in species richness in coarser soils is likely due to the increased number of isolated water films in soils with larger pores, suggesting that pore-scale hydrologic regime constrains bacterial richness in soil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Soil Texture on Richness and Diversity of Bacterial Communities

Chau

Bagtzoglou

Willig

2011

Environmental Forensics

153

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This is a significant finding given the common requirement to exclude an alibi site that is located close to the crime scene. It is also potentially advantageous to forensic investigations as these methods of analysis are rapid and require a minimal amount of sample to be able to provide a reliable analytical result and can be used in combination with other independent analyses such as those discussed by Guedes et al 40 and Macdonald et al 41 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The potential for geochemical discrimination of single- and mixed-source soil samples from close proximity urban parkland locations

Cheshire¹,

Morgan²,

Holmes³

2016

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This initial study assessed the feasibility of geochemical analysis to discriminate single-and mixed-source soil/sediment samples from close proximity sites, a key attribute for forensic comparison and crime reconstruction. Key techniques including ICP-MS, ICP-AES and XRF were able to discriminate between the sites used in this study. The findings of this experimental study provide empirical evidence that highlights the difficulties associated with interpreting data from the elemental analysis of soil samples from geographically similar locations, and demonstrates the issues associated with samples of mixed provenance. Statistical analysis of mixed-provenance samples in comparison with the single-source control sites revealed no significant difference between the mixed and single source samples illustrating that, in this particular case, the samples could not be excluded from having a similar source in direct contrast to previously published findings. This study underlines the necessity to understand further the degree of complexity that exists for the analysis and interpretation of both single-and mixed-source forensic soil/sediment samples and confirms the need for multiple independent methods to be used in order to begin to draw meaningful conclusions of forensically relevant provenance.

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“…Microbial DNA extracted from soil was provided by the Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR) Ltd in Porirua [18]. DNA was extracted from samples of soil using a fast prep\ soil kit (BIO 101).…”

Section: Samples and Bacterial Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using oral microbial DNA analysis to identify expirated bloodspatter

et al. 2010

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Distinguishing expirated bloodstains (blood forced by airflow out of the nose, mouth or a chest wound) from impact spatter (blood from gunshots, explosives, blunt force trauma and/or machinery accidents) is an important challenge in forensic science. Streptococcal bacteria are only found in the human mouth and saliva. This study developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method that detects DNA from these bacteria as a sensitive tool to detect the presence of saliva. The PCR method was very specific to human oral streptococci, with no PCR product being made from human DNA or DNA from other microbes that were tested. It was also very sensitive, detecting as little as 60 fg of target DNA. The PCR amplification gave product with 99 out of 100 saliva samples tested. PCR was not inhibited by the presence of blood and could detect target DNA in expirated bloodstains in a range of materials and for up to 92 days after deposit on cardboard or cotton fabric. In a blind trial, the PCR method was able to distinguish three mock forensic samples that contained expirated blood from four that did not. Our data show that bacteria present in the oral cavity can be detected in bloodstains that contain saliva and therefore can potentially be used as a marker in forensic work to distinguish mouth-expirated bloodstains from other types of bloodstains.

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Discrimination of Soils at Regional and Local Levels Using Bacterial and Fungal T-RFLP Profiling*

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

The Effect of Soil Texture on Richness and Diversity of Bacterial Communities

The Effect of Soil Texture on Richness and Diversity of Bacterial Communities

The potential for geochemical discrimination of single- and mixed-source soil samples from close proximity urban parkland locations

Using oral microbial DNA analysis to identify expirated bloodspatter

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