Discrimination of coherent and incoherent motion by pigeons: An investigation using a same-different motion discrimination task

Jitsumori, Masako; Nakamura, Noriyuki; Wasserman, Edward A.

doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.10.004

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Any such emergent features should be most present when the displays had a large number of elements and should be removed as elements are reduced. Eliminating elements in our task did reduce performance, similar to what has been reported when testing dense and sparse static random dot patterns (Cook, 2001) and in a motion same/different discrimination (Jitsumori, Nakamura, & Wasserman, 2013). If present, there is nothing in our data beyond this to indicate that emergent features contributed anything new to the discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Pigeons simultaneously attend to static and dynamic features of complex displays

Qadri

Brooks

Cook

2019

Behavioural Processes

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The simultaneous processing and attention to temporally dynamic and static features remains an open and important question in theories of avian visual cognition. Here, four pigeons (Columba livia) learned to discriminate complex displays involving concurrently available static and dynamic features. These displays consisted of 20 elements built from combinations of two, binary-valued, static visual dimensions: red vs. green element color, large vs. small element size, and two binary-valued dynamic dimensions, fast vs slow element motion, right vs up motion direction. One combination of these four features was reinforced on a VI schedule. The remaining 15 combinations of element color, size, speed and direction were never reinforced. During acquisition, all four dimensions were simultaneously discriminated. Varying the number of elements revealed that a single element was sufficient to support discrimination of all four dimensions. The pigeons agreed on the relative discriminability of stimuli within and across the different dimensions, with difference in motion direction being the hardest for all birds. Redundant facilitation suggested rapid, perhaps parallel, processing of both dynamic and static features. No attentional trade-offs between dynamic or static dimensions were observed. These results agree with theories of avian vision employing the notion of multiple independent channels for different types of information.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Pigeons simultaneously attend to static and dynamic features of complex displays

Qadri

Brooks

Cook

2019

Behavioural Processes

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“…This phenomenon has mainly been investigated in humans, but newly hatched chicks (Gallus gallus) and dogs (Canis familiaris) are also sensitive to such cues (Abdai, Ferdinandy, Baño Terencio, Pogány, & Miklósi, 2017;Mascalzoni, Regolin, & Vallortigara, 2010;Rosa-Salva, Grassi, Lorenzi, Regolin, & Vallortigara, 2016). Previous findings further indicate that pigeons (Columba livia) discriminate between displays of apparent motion exhibited by dots, relying on assessment of relative motion of objects (coherent vs. incoherent; Jitsumori, Nakamura, & Wasserman, 2013).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Animacy perception in dogs (Canis familiaris) and humans (Homo sapiens): Comparison may be perturbed by inherent differences in looking patterns.

Abdai¹,

Ferdinandy²,

Lengyel³

et al. 2021

Journal of Comparative Psychology

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Perceptual animacy is the tendency for observers to represent inanimate objects as animate, based on simple motion cues. Several features of the chasing pattern can elicit animacy perception and, similarly to adult humans, dogs perceive dots showing this pattern as animate. Here, we used moving objects with a heading alignment (isosceles triangles) to investigate whether human and dog behavior continues to show similarities following such slight but important change in the pattern. We hypothesized that a heading alignment would facilitate animacy perception in both species in a similar manner. We displayed chasing and nonchasing (independent) motions side-by-side on a screen in two subsequent trials (Trial 1 and 2). Looking duration at each pattern as well as frequency of gaze shifting between the patterns was measured. Humans looked at the independent motion for longer already during Trial 1; however, dogs looked at this pattern longer only during Trial 2, whereas during Trial 1, their looking time increased toward the chasing pattern. Gaze shifting was observed in humans more often in both trials than in dogs. Although ultimate preference for the independent motion suggests rapid perception of the chasing pattern directing gaze in both species toward the “unrecognized” pattern, there was an initial interspecies difference. We suggest that different behavior across humans and dogs could be explained by ecological differences, although the role of differences in visual strategies, irrespective of perception of animacy, cannot be excluded.

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“…Moreover, the only evidence available in bird species indicated a limited sensitivity to the typical chasing patterns used for human experiments [ 50 ], while still suggesting some sensitivity to the coordinated converging motion of multiple objects. Thus, it is unclear whether recognition of chasing, and of the spatio-temporal contingencies that characterize it, can be found in this taxon (but see [ 54 ]; and [ 55 ] for pigeons’ ability to learn to discriminate stimuli based on the presence of elementary spatial contingencies between the motion of multiple objects).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous preference for unpredictability in the temporal contingencies between agents' motion in naive domestic chicks

et al. 2022

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The ability to recognize animate agents based on their motion has been investigated in humans and animals alike. When the movements of multiple objects are interdependent, humans perceive the presence of social interactions and goal-directed behaviours. Here, we investigated how visually naive domestic chicks respond to agents whose motion was reciprocally contingent in space and time (i.e. the time and direction of motion of one object can be predicted from the time and direction of motion of another object). We presented a ‘social aggregation’ stimulus, in which three smaller discs repeatedly converged towards a bigger disc, moving in a manner resembling a mother hen and chicks (versus a control stimulus lacking such interactions). Remarkably, chicks preferred stimuli in which the timing of the motion of one object could not be predicted by that of other objects. This is the first demonstration of a sensitivity to the temporal relationships between the motion of different objects in naive animals, a trait that could be at the basis of the development of the perception of social interaction and goal-directed behaviours.

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Discrimination of coherent and incoherent motion by pigeons: An investigation using a same-different motion discrimination task

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Pigeons simultaneously attend to static and dynamic features of complex displays

Pigeons simultaneously attend to static and dynamic features of complex displays

Animacy perception in dogs (Canis familiaris) and humans (Homo sapiens): Comparison may be perturbed by inherent differences in looking patterns.

Spontaneous preference for unpredictability in the temporal contingencies between agents' motion in naive domestic chicks

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