“…In orchards the effect of pesticides and pest management regimes on arthropods is well documented for a few taxonomic groups, amongst which are spiders (Pekár, 1999;Miliczky et al, 2000;Brown et al, 2003) and ground-living beetles (Pearsall and Walde, 1995;Labrie et al, 2003) but it is more seldom studied for the total arthropod community (Sauphanor et al, 1993(Sauphanor et al, , 2005Suckling et al, 1999;Brown and Schmitt, 2001;Debras et al, 2006;Simon et al, 2007b). The use of pesticides has a negative effect on hunting spiders (Pekár, 1999), groundliving arthropods (Epstein et al, 2000) and insects parasitising leaf miners (Prokopy et al, 1996) but, surprisingly, the total arthropod diversity or richness of the tree canopy is not or very little affected by the use of broad-spectrum insecticide programmes compared with more environmentally friendly methods (Suckling et al, 1999;Brown and Schmitt, 2001;Simon et al, 2007b).…”