Discriminating sources of anthropogenic heavy metals in urban street dusts using magnetic and chemical methods

Zhang, Chunxia; Qiao, Q. Y.; Appel, Erwin; Huang, Baochun

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2012.06.014

Cited by 137 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The statistical data for individual PAH, total PAHs, Fe and carbon fractions in the street dust of the city were shown in ) (Zhu et al, 2013), and also less than those in the street dust from the Loudi city (39.9-579.4 g kg -1 ) (Zhang et al, 2012), the contents of BC was less than those in the street dust from Guwahati city (17.99-20.11 mg g -1 , (Hussain et al, 2015). The average proportions of Flu, Phe, and Pyr in PAHs were 18.90%, 16.52% and 13.09% of the ΣPAHs, respectively.…”

Section: Contentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Iron and Black Carbon within Street Dust from a Steel Industrial City, Central China

Zhang

Zhan

Liu

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Twenty-two street dust samples collected from a small steel city, central China, were analyzed for 16 USEPA priority PAHs to investigate the concentration, spatial distribution relationship with black carbon (BC) and Iron (Fe), and the source apportionment and to assess the health risk of these compounds. The mean contents of PAHs, BC and Fe were 4.43 µg g -1 , 12837.97 mg kg -1 , 70205.70 mg kg -1 , respectively. The highest spot was in the surrounding of the E'zhou Steel Plant and the Steel Rolling Mill of E'zhou. The correlation analysis indicated that there was no obvious relationship between Fe with each other, the PAHs significantly correlated to black carbon (BC), which might be caused by the continuous emission sources of iron and steel production. The results of sources identification suggested that PAHs contaminations in street dust were a mixed source of industrial production and traffic emission combustion. The incremental lifetime and cancer risks (ILCRs) of exposing to PAHs in the street dust of the E'zhou city for the three age groups (namely childhood, adolescence, adulthood) fluctuated with in the range of 10 -6 to 10 -4 , indicating a potential of carcinogenic risk for exposed populations.

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Section: Contentsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Iron and Black Carbon within Street Dust from a Steel Industrial City, Central China

Zhang

Zhan

Liu

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…the measure of magnetic susceptibility) are valuable aids in the detection and delimitation of areas affected by pollution (e.g. Lu et al, 2008;Matýsek et al, 2008;Sant' Ovaia et al, 2012;Strzyszcz and Ferdyn, 2005;Xia et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2012). Therefore, they can be very useful when targeting and selecting sampling sites for subsequent geochemical analyses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Magnetic, geochemical and pedological characterisation of soil profiles from different environments and geological backgrounds near Coimbra, Portugal

et al. 2014

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This study presents an application of environmental magnetism techniques for the characterisation of the soils near Coimbra (central Portugal). Magnetic measurements, scanning electron microscopy and geochemical studies were carried out on samples collected in 6 soil profiles in order to find possible relationships and to interpret environmental implications. Magnetic susceptibility, saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation and isothermal remanent magnetisation at the backfield of 100 mT and 300 mT were measured. HardIRM %, SIRM/χ and S-ratios were also calculated. Polluted soils showed higher values of magnetic parameters in the superficial soil horizons closer to the roads, plants and urban areas. The lowest values were observed in the deeper horizons of the soil and in the areas least disturbed by human activity. The magnetic results also suggested that the magnetic signal of these soils is mainly influenced by ferrimagnetic magnetite-like minerals and with only a minor contribution from antiferromagnetic carriers (such as hematite minerals). In unpolluted soils, lithogenic contribution is reflected by the enhancement of magnetic susceptibility near parental rock material. Scanning electron microscope images of the topsoil samples revealed the presence of magnetic spherules typical of vehicular exhaust and combustion processes. This evidence suggests that the atmospheric deposition of fly ash is the main reason for the enhancement of the magnetic signal in the topsoil. Chemical analyses showed that the concentration of various heavy metals was higher than the mean background values for Portuguese soils, and higher in superficial soils. Heavy metals showed significant positive correlation with magnetic properties. The conclusions highlight the importance of using environmental magnetism methods and techniques in the evaluation process of soil evolution and pollution history throughout time.

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“…The results of total metal loadings and Pb isotope ratios reveal that dust is much more sensitive than bulk surface soil to anthropogenic contamination in urban areas [14]. Therefore, urban dusts can reflect pollutants from multimedia, and were considered as an important environmental indicator of urban environmental pollution [7,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For urban dusts, the anthropogenic sources of heavy metals include traffic emissions such as vehicle exhaust particles [15,22], tire wear particles [22,23], weathered street surface particles, and brake-lining wear particles [22,23], plus industrial emissions (power plants, coal combustion, metallurgical industry, auto repair shops, chemical plants, etc.) [8,9,15], domestic emissions, weathering of building and pavement surfaces, and other activities such as waste incineration. Multivariate statistical methods have commonly been applied to assess the sources of heavy metals in urban soils [7,19].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multivariate statistical methods have commonly been applied to assess the sources of heavy metals in urban soils [7,19]. The HRTEM/EDX approach, magnetic, and lead isotopes were also used to identify the source of dust particles in urban dust [13,15,24,25]. Most recently, research also has focused on heavy metal pollution of the dust deposited on foliage [25,26].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Near-Surface Dust

Zhong¹,

Ge²,

Lu³

et al. 2015

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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IntroductionThe continuous urbanization and industrialization that has occurred in many countries over the last few decades has been accompanied by unprecedented environmental changes. Several categories of contaminates, such as heavy metals [1,2] and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) [3], etc., are continuously emitted into the terrestrial environment, thus posing a great threat to human health [3][4][5]. Nowadays, more and more people dwell in urban areas. Therefore, the changes of urban environment are crucially important for city dwellers. Heavy metal pollution of urban Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 24, No. 4 (2015), 1817-1829 AbstractAs a result of the continuous urbanization and industrialization in China over the last few decades, heavy metals have been continuously emitted into urban environments and now pose serious threats to human health. In the present study, an extensive urban near-surface dust survey was conducted in Changchun, China, to evaluate the current status of heavy metal contamination in urban dust and to identify the potential sources. A total of 232 samples were collected and the levels of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, As, Cr, and the major elements were then determined. The results indicated that the urban dusts were enriched with metals, particularly Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb, and Hg. Principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to identify sources of heavy metals, and the results revealed distinctly different associations among the trace metals and the major elements in the urban dusts. The concentrations of Cr and As appeared to be controlled by natural factors. Cu and Pb were mainly from vehicle emissions. Zn primarily come from traffic sources, especially vehicle tires. Additionally, Hg primarily originated from coal combustion, while Cd was mainly associated with industrial sources. A revised pollution index for each metal and a Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) of the seven metals were attributed to each sampling site to assess the degree of metal contamination. The results showed that the pollution indexes (PI) of each metal are not especially high. However, a significant degree of metal pollution exists in some urban dusts in Changchun, particularly for Cu, Cd, Zn, and As. The mean value of the Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) of the seven metals also indicated that urban dusts in Changchun city were classified as having moderate levels of pollution. However, it should be noted that about 11% of all samples had a NIPI value above 3, suggesting a high level of contamination by metals. These findings indicate that more attention should be paid to metal pollution of the urban dusts in Changchun in the future.

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Discriminating sources of anthropogenic heavy metals in urban street dusts using magnetic and chemical methods

Cited by 137 publications

References 70 publications

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Iron and Black Carbon within Street Dust from a Steel Industrial City, Central China

Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), Iron and Black Carbon within Street Dust from a Steel Industrial City, Central China

Magnetic, geochemical and pedological characterisation of soil profiles from different environments and geological backgrounds near Coimbra, Portugal

Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Near-Surface Dust

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