Discrepant gut microbiota markers for the classification of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities

Abstract

The gut microbiota (GM) is related to obesity and other metabolic diseases. To detect GM markers for obesity in patients with different metabolic abnormalities and investigate their relationships with clinical indicators, 1,914 Chinese adults were enrolled for 16S rRNA gene sequencing in this retrospective study. Based on GM composition, Random forest classifiers were constructed to screen the obesity patients with (Group OA) or without metabolic diseases (Group O) from healthy individuals (Group H), and high accuracies were observed for the discrimination of Group O and Group OA (areas under the receiver operating curve (AUC) equal to 0.68 and 0.76, respectively). Furthermore, six GM markers were shared by obesity patients with various metabolic disorders (Bacteroides, Parabacteroides, Blautia, Alistipes, Romboutsia and Roseburia). As for the discrimination with Group O, Group OA exhibited low accuracy (AUC = 0.57). Nonetheless, GM classifications to distinguish between Group O and the obese patients with specific metabolic abnormalities were not accurate (AUC values from 0.59 to 0.66). Common biomarkers were identified for the obesity patients with high uric acid, high serum lipids and high blood pressure, such as Clostridium XIVa, Bacteroides and Roseburia. A total of 20 genera were associated with multiple significant clinical indicators. For example, Blautia, Romboutsia, Ruminococcus2, Clostridium sensu stricto and Dorea were positively correlated with indicators of bodyweight (including waistline and body mass index) and serum lipids (including low density lipoprotein, triglyceride and total cholesterol). In contrast, the aforementioned clinical indicators were negatively associated with Bacteroides, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus, Alistipes, Parasutterella, Parabacteroides and Clostridium IV. Generally, these biomarkers hold the potential to predict obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, and interventions based on these biomarkers might be beneficial to weight loss and metabolic risk improvement.

Metatranscriptomic analysis to define the Secrebiome, and 16S rRNA profiling of the gut microbiome in obesity and metabolic syndrome of Mexican children

“…The OMS patients had the highest bacterial diversity, followed by O and NW patients. This observation is in agreement with other studies with big cohorts of obese patients that also observe an increase in diversity in them [26]. Contrary, some studies revealed a decrease in diversity in obese patients [27,28].…”

“…The PCoA analysis of the microbiota showed that the most compact cluster was formed among the NW samples, while the most disperse was the OMS group; the O group seemed to be an intermediate state of healthy and obese with metabolic syndrome. Similar clustering behavior was recently observed as a consequence of metabolic abnormalities in the adult population [26].…”

“…In this regard, it was recently reported that an altered abundance of Collinsella genus changes the host's plasma cholesterol levels, showing a positive correlation with LDL cholesterol [33]. Additionally, another study with big cohorts of adults recently reported the finding of an increased Collinsella abundance in obese patients [26]. Also, it has been observed that low dietary fiber intake increases Collinsella abundance in the gut microbiota of obese pregnant women [34].…”

“…It is well documented that F. prausnutzii can act as a probiotic due to its production of butyrate [47,48], and it has been reported as depleted from the gut microbiota in individuals with metabolic syndrome [49], although we did not find a total depletion of this species in OMS group. However, a recent study with adult cohorts of obese patients found an increased abundance of Faecalibacterium [26], and also in a Mexican obese children cohort, an increase of abundance was reported [30]. Thus, further studies are necessary to clarify the role of Faecalibacterium in obesity.…”

Sex differences in gut microbiome in high-fat-diet fed rats.

“…In contrast, a signi cant increase of Roseburia was only detected in FHFD, which was positively correlated with weight gain and NAS score in female rats, but not in males. As a butyrate-producing bacterium, Roseburia was reported to be negatively correlated with body weight and serum lipids in Chinese adults 35 . A previous study indicated that restoring of Roseburia spp.…”