Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time, Insomnia, Depression, and Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep Among the General Population

Lee, Joohee; Cho, Inn‐Kyu; Kim, Kyumin; Kim, Changnam; Park, C. Hyung Keun; Yi, Kikyoung; Chung, Seockhoon

doi:10.30773/pi.2021.0373

Cited by 19 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As the discrepancy is high, we can speculate that patients may suffer severe insomnia or a high level of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. A recent study reported that the severity of insomnia was influenced by depression, sleep preoccupation, dysfunctional sleep beliefs, and DBST index in the general population [24]. The first objective in this replication study is to investigate the usefulness of DBST index again, since this concept isn't still valid.…”

Section: Concept Of the Dbst Index; The Discrepancy Between Desired T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The DBST Index, the Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time: The Possible New Sleep Index Predicting Severity of Insomnia

Chung

2022

Sleep Med Res

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Background and Objective We considered the concept of the DBST, the discrepancy between a patient’s desired time in bed (TIB) and desired total sleep time (TST). The DBST index can be used to easily assess a patient’s thoughts on their desired TST and dysfunctionally long TIB. This study aimed to explore whether the DBST index can predict the severity of insomnia.Methods A total of 374 members of the general population participated in this e-survey study. The participants answered questions regarding their bedtime, sleep onset time, wake-up time, desired TST, and desired TIB, and psychological symptoms were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patients Health Questionnaire–9 items (PHQ-9), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep–16 items (DBAS-16), and Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES).Results The DBST index was significantly correlated with the ISI (r = 0.20, p < 0.01), PHQ-9 (r = 0.15, p < 0.01), GSES (r = 0.14, p < 0.01), DBAS-16 (r = 0.16, p < 0.01), desired TST (r = -0.62, p < 0.01), and desired TIB (r = 0.52, p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that insomnia severity was predicted by persistent preoccupation with sleep (beta = 0.64, p < 0.001), dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (beta = 0.06, p < 0.001), depression (beta = 0.23, p < 0.001), and DBST (beta = 0.32, p = 0.035). The DBST directly influenced insomnia severity, and this association was shown to be mediated by dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes about sleep, preoccupation with sleep, and depression.Conclusions The DBST index could be a possible new sleep index due to its relationship with insomnia severity, depression, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep, and preoccupation with sleep. Further studies are needed to explore the consistency of the clinical sample.

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Section: Concept Of the Dbst Index; The Discrepancy Between Desired T...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The DBST Index, the Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time: The Possible New Sleep Index Predicting Severity of Insomnia

Chung

2022

Sleep Med Res

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“…The DBST index seems related to the dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. Our previous studies [11][12][13] showed a correlation between the DBST index and rating scales for measuring dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. Although the severity of insomnia is the most powerful predictor of the DBST index, dysfunctional beliefs about sleep may also have an effect on it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…If they want to sleep for at least 6 hours (desired TST) and fall asleep early in the evening, they should wake up early in the As the name suggests, the discrepancy between desired TIB and desired TST index (the DBST index) reflects the discrepancy between one's desired hours of TIB and desired hours of TST. The concept of this index comes from this dysfunctional thinking regarding their sleep-wake cycle [11]. The desired TST can be determined by asking, "For what number of hours do you wish to sleep per day?"…”

Section: Concept 2: Discrepancy Between Desired Time In Bed and Desir...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The DBST index is calculated as "desired TIB hours-desired hours of TST" [12]. According to a previous report [11], the DBST index is one of the components predicting insomnia severity in the general population, along with depression, preoccupation with sleep, and dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. Moreover, a persistent preoccupation with sleep mediates the impact of dysfunctional beliefs about sleep and the DBST on insomnia severity.…”

Section: Concept 2: Discrepancy Between Desired Time In Bed and Desir...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Four Useful Concepts When Treating Patients With Insomnia: Possibility of Sleep Index-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia

Chung

2022

Sleep Med Res

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Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is one of the most common treatments for insomnia and is considered as the first-line treatment. People who struggle to fall asleep or stay asleep or those who do not find sleep refreshing can benefit over four to six sessions of CBT-I. Although CBT-I has many benefits, it does have some drawbacks. Therefore, a brief version needs to be developed for use in clinical practice. This study proposes the following concepts that can be readily applied in clinical practice: 1) Concept 1, 17 hours of activity and 7 hours of sleep; 2) Concept 2, discrepancy between desired time in bed and desired total sleep time; 3) Concept 3, time in bed during 24 hours; and 4) Concept 4, taking sleeping pills 7 hours before the waking up time. These concepts based on sleep indices could easily help patients with insomnia and may serve as a foundation for the development of Sleep Index-based CBT-I.

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“…The DBST index was defined as a difference in one’s desired time in bed from one’s desired total sleep time to measure one’s severity of insomnia [ 19 ]. Although it is a new concept used to easily assess an individual’s insomnia severity, we explored the usefulness of the DBST index among the general population.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the Korean Version of the Positive and Negative Sleep Appraisal Measure (PANSAM) as a Tool for Evaluating Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep among the General Population

Bang

Cho

Ahmed

et al. 2022

JCM

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We explored the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Positive and Negative Sleep Appraisal Measure (PANSAM) scale using pre-existing sleep-related questionnaires among the general population. Through an online survey, data from 400 South Korean participants were collected from 10 to 18 January 2022. Symptoms were measured with the PANSAM, Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the 16-item Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale (DBAS-16), the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES), and the discrepancy between desired time in bed and the Desired Total Sleep Time (DBST) index. The four PANSAM subscales were reliable and valid tools for measuring individuals’ dysfunctional beliefs about sleep. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the full-scale and four-factor model showed a good fit. The full scale and each subscale were significantly correlated with ISI, DBAS-16, and GSES scores. The DBST index was significantly correlated with Subscales 2 and 3. In conclusion, the Korean version of the PANSAM scale and its four subscales can be applied when clinicians measure dysfunctional beliefs regarding sleep among the general population in South Korea. The PANSAM should be explored among other clinical groups to elucidate its applicability as a trans-diagnostic tool while conducting cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia.

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Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time, Insomnia, Depression, and Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep Among the General Population

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

The DBST Index, the Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time: The Possible New Sleep Index Predicting Severity of Insomnia

The DBST Index, the Discrepancy Between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time: The Possible New Sleep Index Predicting Severity of Insomnia

Four Useful Concepts When Treating Patients With Insomnia: Possibility of Sleep Index-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia

Validation of the Korean Version of the Positive and Negative Sleep Appraisal Measure (PANSAM) as a Tool for Evaluating Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep among the General Population

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