Discrepancies between the drivers of alpha and beta plant diversity in arable field margins

Boinot, Sébastien; Alignier, Audrey

doi:10.1098/rspb.2022.2179

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Simultaneously, habitat diversity reduced pest colonization in hedgerows adjoining CF fields (same trend for weeds and aphids), providing support for the "resource concentration hypothesis" (Root, 1973). Most likely, semi-natural habitats in diversified landscapes act as barriers to the dispersal of main crop pests (O'Rourke and Petersen, 2017), and may even mitigate agrochemical drifts, thereby limiting the establishment of nitrophilous and herbicide-tolerant plant species (Fried et al, 2018;Boinot and Alignier, 2023).…”

Section: Landscape Variables Related To Semi-natural Habitats Are Key...mentioning

confidence: 83%

“…pollination and reduced weed colonization, probably by improving plant-pollinator networks. Indeed, hedgerows with wider canopies provide enhanced habitat and trophic resources in space and time for Hymenoptera pollinators (Donkersley, 2019), and environmental conditions that favour rarer plant species over common weeds (Boinot and Alignier, 2023). Further, carabid conservation increased in hedgerows with wider canopies and higher diversity of woody plant species, and carabid potential predation increased in hedgerows with tall trees.…”

Section: Local Variables Affect Individual Functions Of Hedgerows Mor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Woody plants, ditches, and earth and stone banks provide important trophic and habitat resources for arthropods, including pollinators and natural enemies of crop pests (Maudsley, 2000). Dense and complex hedgerows are also less likely to harbour common arable weeds that might compete with crops (Cirujeda et al, 2019;Boinot and Alignier, 2023). In addition, intensive farming practices in the adjoining crop field can have detrimental impacts on hedgerow biodiversity (Boutin et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Hedgerows are more multifunctional in preserved bocage landscapes

Boinot¹,

Alignier²,

Pétillon³

et al. 2023

Ecological Indicators

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Section: Landscape Variables Related To Semi-natural Habitats Are Key...mentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Local Variables Affect Individual Functions Of Hedgerows Mor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hedgerows are more multifunctional in preserved bocage landscapes

Boinot¹,

Alignier²,

Pétillon³

et al. 2023

Ecological Indicators

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“…In particular, it is important to understand how different alternatives for land management can affect biodiversity in agricultural field boundaries (e.g., hedgerows, shelterbelts, fence lines, roadsides, and wetland margins) as well as natural or seminatural remnants embedded within a matrix of crop fields. Such remnants can provide vital refugia for native flora and fauna in agriculturally‐dominated regions (Clark et al, 2005) and previous research has found that the effects of agricultural practices spill over into adjacent natural/seminatural areas, influencing the diversity of species found there (Boinot & Alignier, 2023; Fried et al, 2018; Metcalfe et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Farm management and landscape context shape plant diversity at wetland edges in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada

Kirk,

Martínez‐Lanfranco,

Forsyth

et al. 2024

Ecological Applications

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Evaluating the impacts of farming systems on biodiversity is increasingly important given the need to stem biodiversity loss, decrease fossil fuel dependency, and maintain ecosystem services benefiting farmers. We recorded woody and herbaceous plant species diversity, composition, and abundance in 43 wetland‐adjacent prairie remnants beside crop fields managed using conventional, minimum tillage, organic, or perennial cover (wildlife‐friendly) land management in the Prairie Pothole Region. We used a hierarchical framework to estimate diversity at regional and local scales (gamma, alpha), and how these are related through species turnover (beta diversity). We tested the expectation that gamma richness/evenness and beta diversity of all plants would be higher in remnants adjacent to perennial cover and organic fields than in conventional and minimum tillage fields. We expected the same findings for plants providing ecosystem services (bee‐pollinated species) and disservices (introduced species). We predicted similar relative effects of land management on alpha diversity, but with the expectation that the benefits of organic farming would decrease with increasing grassland in surrounding landscapes. Gamma richness and evenness of all plants were highest for perennial cover, followed by minimum tillage, organic, and conventional sites. Bee‐pollinated species followed a similar pattern for richness, but for evenness organic farming came second, after perennial cover sites, followed by minimum tillage and conventional. For introduced species, organic sites had the highest gamma richness and evenness. Grassland amount moderated the effect of land management type on all plants and bee‐pollinated plant richness, but not as expected. The richness of organic sites increased with the amount of grassland in the surrounding landscape. Conversely, for conventional sites, richness increased as the amount of grassland in the landscape declined. Our results are consistent with the expectation that adopting wildlife‐friendly land management practices can benefit biodiversity at regional and local scales, in particular the use of perennial cover to benefit plant diversity at regional scales. At more local extents, organic farming increased plant richness, but only when sufficient grassland was available in the surrounding landscape; organic farms also had the highest beta diversity for all plants and bee‐pollinated plants. Maintaining native cover in agroecosystems, in addition to low‐intensity farming practices, could sustain plant biodiversity and facilitate important ecosystem services.

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Landscape perspectives for agroecological weed management. A review

Boinot,

Alignier,

Storkey

2024

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Faced with the biodiversity extinction crisis and climate change, alternative approaches to food production are urgently needed. Decades of chemical-based weed control have resulted in a dramatic decline in weed diversity, with negative repercussions for agroecosystem biodiversity. The simplification of cropping systems and the evolution of herbicide resistance have led to the dominance of a small number of competitive weed species, calling for a more sustainable approach that considers not only weed abundance but also community diversity and composition. Agroecological weed management involves harnessing ecological processes to minimize the negative impacts of weeds on productivity and maximize biodiversity. However, the current research effort on agroecological weed management is largely rooted in agronomy and field-scale farming practices. In contrast, the contributions of landscape-scale interventions on agroecological weed management are largely unexplored (e.g., interventions to promote pollinators and natural enemies or carbon sequestration). Here, we review current knowledge of landscape effects on weed community properties (abundance, diversity, and composition) and seed predation (a key factor in agroecological weed management). Furthermore, we discuss the ecological processes underlying landscape effects, their interaction with in-field approaches, and the implications of landscape-scale change for agroecological weed management. Notably, we found that (1) landscape context rarely affects total weed abundance; (2) configurational more than compositional heterogeneity of landscapes is associated with higher alpha, beta, and gamma weed diversity; (3) evidence for landscape effects on weed seed predation is currently limited; and (4) plant spillover from neighboring habitats is the most common interpretation of landscape effects on weed community properties, whereas many other ecological processes are overlooked. Strikingly, the drivers of weed community properties and biological regulation at the landscape scale remain poorly understood. We recommend addressing these issues to better integrate agroecological weed management into landscape-scale management, which could inform the movement towards managing farms at wider spatiotemporal scales than single fields in a single season.

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Discrepancies between the drivers of alpha and beta plant diversity in arable field margins

Cited by 5 publications

References 78 publications

Hedgerows are more multifunctional in preserved bocage landscapes

Hedgerows are more multifunctional in preserved bocage landscapes

Farm management and landscape context shape plant diversity at wetland edges in the Prairie Pothole Region of Canada

Landscape perspectives for agroecological weed management. A review

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