Discrepancies between implicit and explicit self-concepts of intelligence: relations to modesty, narcissism, and achievement motivation

Abstract

Previous research has shown that different configurations of the implicit self-concept of intelligence (iSCI) and the explicit self-concept of intelligence (eSCI) are consistently related to individuals’ performance on different intelligence tests (Dislich etal., 2012). The results indicated that any discrepant configuration between the iSCI and the eSCI impairs performance. In the present study, how correspondence between the iSCI and the eSCI is related to intelligence test performance as well as personality traits of modesty (low eSCI, high iSCI), narcissism (high eSCI, low iSCI), and achievement motivation was investigated. Furthermore, a moderated mediation analysis showed that the relation between the iSCI–eSCI configurations and intelligence test performance was mediated by achievement motivation for modest individuals.

Through rose-coloured glasses: An empirical test of narcissistic overestimation

“…A recent study, for example, showed that unacquainted raters were able to detect high scoring narcissists merely by looking at self‐selected (and therefore more dynamic) pictures on social network websites (Buffardi & Campbell, ). Our finding that healthy narcissism was unrelated to objective measures of IQ and learning performance is in line with previous findings (Gerstenberg et al, ; Robins & Beer, ).…”

“…There are some objective indications of true narcissistic grandiosity from studies where strangers rated participants with higher narcissism scores as more likeable and attractive (Buffardi & Campbell, 2008;Friedman, Oltmanns, Gleason, & Turkheimer, 2006), while others found no such effects (Bleske-Rechek, Remiker, & Baker, 2008). Narcissism was unrelated to IQ-test scores (Gerstenberg, Imhoff, Banse, & Schmitt, 2014).…”

“…So far, evidence suggests that narcissism is related to IQ overestimation compared with IQ‐test results (e.g. Gerstenberg et al ., ), and to overestimating performance, leadership and attractiveness relative to peer ranking (Bleske‐Rechek et al, ; Carlson et al, ; Robins & Beer, ). Several drawbacks hamper the generalizability of these findings, however, like the use of suboptimal objective criteria, sole focus on a specific performance, not controlling for gender, and different ways of calculating the subjective–objective discrepancy score or a lack thereof.…”

Narcissistic Traits and Explicit Self-Esteem: The Moderating Role of Implicit Self-View

“…Modesty can be defined as the public under-representation of one’s positive traits and abilities (Cialdini et al, 1998). Some recent studies showed that modesty is often associated with discrepancy in self-evaluation, in the direction of high implicit but low explicit self-evaluations (Schröder-Abé et al, 2007; Gerstenberg et al, 2014). As people with grandiose narcissistic tendencies are highly motivated to exhibit a positive image of themselves in order to receive attention and admiration, people with low grandiose narcissistic tendencies may be less motivated to present a self-image that is positive as the self-image they have internally.…”

Effect of Teachers’ Abilities on Students’ Motivation With Varying Levels of Intellectual Abilities in the Economics

“…In a relationship between intelligence and motivation it is important to realize that it is above all the self-perceived level of individual's intelligence, also known as the self-concept of intelligence. In the study of Gerstenberg et al (2014), the selfconcept of intelligence was significant predictor for the level of achievement motivation. The authors further confirmed that by modest individuals, the relation between self-concept of intelligence and real performance on the test of intelligence is mediated by the level of achievement motivation.…”