Discovery of Three-Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA

Barber, D. P.; Becker, U.; Benda, H.; Boehm, Alexandria B.; Branson, J. G.; Bron, J.; Buikman, D.; Burger, J. D.; Chang, C. C.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, M.; Cheng, C. P.; Chu, Y. J.; Clare, R.; Duinker, P.; Fang, G. Y.; Fesefeldt, H.; Fong, D. G.; Fukushima, M.; Guo, J.; Hariri, A.; Herten, G.; Ho, M. C.; Hsu, H. K.; Hsu, T. T.; Kadel, R. W.; Krenz, W.; Li, J.; Li, Q. Z.; Lu, M.; Luckey, D.; A., D.; M., C.; Massaro, G.; Matsuda, Takeshi; Newman, H. B.; Paradiso, Joseph A.; Poschmann, F. P.; Revol, J.-P.; Rohde, M.; Rykaczewski, H.; Sinram, K.; Tang, H. W.; Tang, L.; Ting, Samuel C.C.; Tung, K. L.; Vannucci, F.; Wang, X. R.; Wei, P. S. P.; White, M. J.; Wu, Guo-Hong; Wu, T.; Xi, Jin; Yang, P. C.; Yu, Xuechao; Zhang, N. L.; Zhu, R.Y.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.43.830

Cited by 326 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…For example, heavier-quark mesons are more amenable to perturbative analysis than those built from up, down and strange. Experiments at PETRA in 1979 found clear evidence for the validity of this perturbative understanding, and the approach was confirmed at the few percent level with the LEP experiments at CERN [66,67].…”

Section: Brief History Of Quantum Chromodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Multi-Hadron Observables from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics

Hansen¹

2014

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Multi-Hadron Observables from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics Maxwell T. HansenChair of the Supervisory Committee:Professor Stephen R. Sharpe Department of PhysicsWe describe formal work that relates the finite-volume spectrum in a quantum field theory to scattering and decay amplitudes. This is of particular relevance to numerical calculations performed using Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics (LQCD). Correlators calculated using LQCD can only be determined on the Euclidean time axis. For this reason the standard method of determining scattering amplitudes via the Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann reduction formula cannot be employed. By contrast, the finite-volume spectrum is directly accessible in LQCD calculations. Formalism for relating the spectrum to physical scattering observables is thus highly desirable.In this thesis we develop tools for extracting physical information from LQCD for four types of observables. First we analyze systems with multiple, strongly-coupled two-scalar channels. Here we accommodate both identical and nonidentical scalars, and in the latter case allow for degenerate as well as nondegenerate particle masses. Using relativistic field theory, and summing to all orders in perturbation theory, we derive a result relating the finite-volume spectrum to the two-to-two scattering amplitudes of the coupled-channel theory. This generalizes the formalism of Martin Lüscher for the case of single-channel scattering. Second we consider the weak decay of a single particle into multiple, coupled two-scalar channels. We show how the finite-volume matrix element extracted in LQCD is related to matrix elements of asymptotic two-particle states, and thus to decay amplitudes. This generalizes work by Laurent Lellouch and Martin Lüscher. Third we extend the method for extracting matrix elements by considering currents which insert energy, momentum and angular momentum. This allows one to extract transition matrix elements and form factors from LQCD. Finally we look beyond two-particle systems to those with three-particles in asymptotic states. Working again to all orders in relativistic field theory, we derive a relation between the spectrum and an infinite-volume three-to-three scattering quantity. This final analysis is the most complicated of the four, because the all-orders summation is more difficult for this system, and also because a number of new technical issues arise in analyzing the contributing diagrams.

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Section: Brief History Of Quantum Chromodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Multi-Hadron Observables from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics

Hansen¹

2014

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“…This observation was interpreted as the evidence for the gluon and for the Quantum chromodynamics as the underlying theory of the strong interaction. Three- (GeV) T p 50 60 100 200 300 400 dy (pb/GeV) T /dp σ jet final properties were further investigated for example by the MARK-J, JADE, TASSO [9] collaborations as well as the LEP e + e − collider experiments [10]. They were able to rule out scalar gluon theory in favor of spin-1 gluon predicted by QCD as well as to measure a difference in fragmentation between quarks and gluons.…”

Section: Motivation For the Three-jet Cross Section Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Three-jet Mass Cross Section in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV

Hubáček¹

2010

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This thesis describes the measurement of the inclusive three-jet cross section in proton-antiproton collisions at √ s = 1.96 TeV measured at the DØ experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider in the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA. The cross section as a function of threejet invariant mass is provided in three regions of the third jet transverse momentum and three regions of jet rapidities. It utilizes a data sample collected in the so called Run IIa data taking period (2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) corresponding to the integrated luminosity of about 0.7 fb −1 . The results are used to test the next-to-leading order predictions of Quantum chromodynamics computed using the latest parton distribution functions.

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“…Quantum chromodynamics, a part of the Standard Model of particle physics, is a nonAbelian gauge theory based on a local (gauge) symmetry group called SU (3). All the particles in this theory interact with each other through the strong force.…”

Section: Quantum Chromodynamics (Qcd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antiquarks carry anticolor which has the opposite color charge of quarks so that for example, a red quark and an anti-red anti-quark together carry no net color charge. The gluons are postulated to belong to an octet (8) representation of SU (3) which means, in effect, that a gluon carries both a color and an anti-color charge. One combination of color and anti-color, known as the color singlet, does not contribute to strong interactions since it does not carry a net color and is unable to mediate forces between color charges.…”

Section: Quantum Chromodynamics (Qcd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mediators of the strong force, called gluons, were proposed as elementary particles that cause quarks to interact, and are transmitted between quarks to bind them into composite particles known collectively as hadrons. The first direct experimental evidence of gluons was found in 1979 when "three-jet" events were observed at the Positron-Electron Tandem Ring Accelerator (PETRA) at DESY in Hamburg [3]. The interactions between quarks and gluons are explained by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD).…”

Section: Chapter 1 Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurement of the W boson production charge asymmetry in p$\bar{p}$ collisions

Han

2008

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Discovery of Three-Jet Events and a Test of Quantum Chromodynamics at PETRA

Cited by 326 publications

References 8 publications

Multi-Hadron Observables from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics

Multi-Hadron Observables from Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics

Measurement of the Three-jet Mass Cross Section in $p\bar{p}$ Collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV

Measurement of the W boson production charge asymmetry in p$\bar{p}$ collisions

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