Discovery of thirteen cobalt(ii) and copper(ii) salicylaldehyde Schiff base complexes that induce apoptosis and autophagy in human lung adenocarcinoma A549/DDP cells and that can overcome cisplatin resistance in vitro and in vivo

Abstract

Compared with 1–9, 10–13 displayed stronger cytotoxic activities against the tested A549/DDP cells. 11 and 13 could induce apoptosis and autophagy in A549/DDP cells and exhibited pronounced and selective activity against A549/DDP xenografts in vivo.

A new class of nickel(ii) oxyquinoline–bipyridine complexes as potent anticancer agents induces apoptosis and autophagy in A549/DDP tumor cells through mitophagy pathways

“…As shown in Fig. 4, the conversion of LC3-I to its lipidation form LC3-II, a specific marker of autophagy, 23–27 was detected in A549/DDP cells treated with 0.25 μM Ni2 , Ni10 , Ni13 , and Ni14 . With 24 h of treatment, Ni2 (0.25 μM) induced the highest conversion rates of LC3-I to LC3-II (Fig.…”

“…The cell death pathways generally include apoptosis (Type I), autophagy (Type II), and necrosis (Type III). 23 Furthermore, autophagy, especially mitophagy, is often associated with cell death. 23 Recently, some lanthanide( iii ), iridium( iii ), zinc( ii ), cobalt( ii ) and copper( ii ) complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline- N -oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline, curcumin–tryptanthrin and salicylaldehyde Schiff have been reported to inhibit cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cancer cell growth by mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy-mediated pathways.…”

“…23 Furthermore, autophagy, especially mitophagy, is often associated with cell death. 23 Recently, some lanthanide( iii ), iridium( iii ), zinc( ii ), cobalt( ii ) and copper( ii ) complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline- N -oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline, curcumin–tryptanthrin and salicylaldehyde Schiff have been reported to inhibit cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cancer cell growth by mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy-mediated pathways. 23,24 However, the clinical use of these active compounds as anticancer agents has yielded limited success.…”

“…23 Recently, some lanthanide( iii ), iridium( iii ), zinc( ii ), cobalt( ii ) and copper( ii ) complexes with 8-hydroxyquinoline- N -oxide, 8-hydroxyquinoline, curcumin–tryptanthrin and salicylaldehyde Schiff have been reported to inhibit cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cancer cell growth by mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy-mediated pathways. 23,24 However, the clinical use of these active compounds as anticancer agents has yielded limited success. 23,24 As far as we know, autophagy-mediated apoptosis mechanisms of the new nickel( ii ) oxyquinoline–bipyridine complexes Ni1–Ni22 have not been reported and still need to be elucidated.…”

“…23,24 However, the clinical use of these active compounds as anticancer agents has yielded limited success. 23,24 As far as we know, autophagy-mediated apoptosis mechanisms of the new nickel( ii ) oxyquinoline–bipyridine complexes Ni1–Ni22 have not been reported and still need to be elucidated. Thus, to confirm this for the proposed complexes, we first transiently expressed an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) and monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP) filter set in A549/DDP cancer cells 24 and assessed their level of colocalization between the eGFP, Hoechst 33342, and mRFP channels.…”