Discovery of the cerium isotopes

Abstract

The discovery of the 35 cerium isotopes presently known is discussed. Criteria for the discovery of isotopes are suggested and for each isotope a brief summary of the first refereed publication, including the production and identification method, is presented.

Discovery of the calcium, indium, tin, and platinum isotopes

“…126 In was produced by neutron-induced fission and identified at the OSIRIS isotope-separator on-line facility at the Studsvik Neutron Research Laboratory in Nyköping, Sweden. In the long table of experimental half-lives of many different isotopes, the half-life of 126 In is quoted as 1.53 (1) s. This value is included in the currently adopted average, 1.53(1) s.…”

“…The discovery of the calcium, indium, tin, and platinum isotopes is discussed here as part of the series summarizing the discovery of isotopes, beginning with the cerium isotopes in 2009 [1]. Guidelines for assigning credit for discovery are (1) clear identification, either through decay curves and relationships to other known isotopes, particle or γ -ray spectra, or unique mass and Z -identification, and (2) publication of the discovery in a refereed journal.…”

Discovery of scandium, titanium, mercury, and einsteinium isotopes

“…b 100 254 .'' The half-life was measured to be 37 (1) h and corresponds to an isomer. A few weeks earlier the Berkeley group had described the formation of 100 254 and the ''.…”

“…The discovery of scandium, titanium, mercury, and einsteinium isotopes is discussed as part of the series summarizing the discovery of isotopes, beginning with the cerium isotopes in 2009 [1]. Guidelines for assigning credit for discovery are (1) clear identification, either through decay-curves and relationships to other known isotopes, particle or c-ray spectra, or unique mass and Z-identification, and (2) publication of the discovery in a refereed journal.…”

Discovery of the vanadium isotopes

“…Previously, the discovery of cerium [1], arsenic [2], gold [3], tungsten [4], and krypton [5] isotopes was discussed. Guidelines for assigning credit for discovery are (1) clear identification, either through decay-curves and relationships to other known isotopes, particle or c-ray spectra, or unique mass and Z-identification, and (2) publication of the discovery in a refereed journal.…”