Discovery of new feline paramyxoviruses in domestic cats with chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Paramyxoviruses constitute a large family of enveloped RNA viruses including important pathogens in veterinary and human medicine. Recently, feline paramyxoviruses, genus morbillivirus, were detected in cats from Hong Kong and Japan. Here we describe the discovery of several new feline paramyxoviruses. Infections with these diverse viruses were detected in urine samples from cats suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD). No viral RNA was found in cats without clinical signs of uropathy highlighting an association between feline paramyxovirus (FPaV) infections and CKD. Phylogenetic analyses of the detected viruses showed that they represent at least two different species, one of them representing the feline morbilliviruses detected previously in Hong Kong and Japan. In addition, a new FPaV was detected sharing only 73 % homology on the nucleotide level of the viral L-gene to currently known paramyxoviral species.

Detection and seroprevalence of morbillivirus and other paramyxoviruses in geriatric cats with and without evidence of azotemic chronic kidney disease

“…Recently, Sieg et al reported an association between urinary excretion of FeMV and CKD in cats, which is in contrast to the findings of our study. However, it should be noted that the Sieg study did not use a homogenous group of biochemically confirmed azotemic cats, as the CKD group also included cats diagnosed with feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD), nephritis, hematuria, urolithiasis, cystitis, urostase, chronic kidney failure, chronic nephropathy, proteinuria, and bacteriuria.…”

“…Paramyxoviruses are enveloped, single‐stranded, negative RNA viruses, which have been previously identified in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts . Upon discovery, the presence of FeMV was associated with histopathologically confirmed tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) in stray cats and the virus has since been detected in the urine of cats in Japan, Germany, Italy, USA, South America, and Turkey . Furthermore, there is an association between paramyxoviruses and renal pathology in a range of species, including humans, rats, bats, and squirrels .…”

Feline morbillivirus in Northern Italy: prevalence in urine and kidneys with and without renal disease

“…Up to date, FeMV has been identified also in USA, South America, Turkey and Europe, with sequences closely related to previously identified FeMV strains (Lorusso et al, 2015;Sieg et al, 2015;Sharp et al, 2016;Darold et al, 2017;Yilmaz et al, 2017;McCallum et la., 2018). Sieg et al (2015) found in cats from Germany viruses with sequences different from any other morbillivirus and with a nucleotide homology close to bat and rodent paramyxoviruses, thereby named feline paramyxoviruses (FPaV). The same authors found a correlation between FeMV and FPaV presence in urine and CKD (Sieg et al, 2015).…”

“…Two years later, FeMV was isolated in Japan with a prevalence of 6.1% in urine, 10% in blood and 40% in kidneys with nephritis (Furuya et al, 2014). Up to date, FeMV has been identified also in USA, South America, Turkey and Europe, with sequences closely related to previously identified FeMV strains (Lorusso et al, 2015;Sieg et al, 2015;Sharp et al, 2016;Darold et al, 2017;Yilmaz et al, 2017;McCallum et la., 2018). Sieg et al (2015) found in cats from Germany viruses with sequences different from any other morbillivirus and with a nucleotide homology close to bat and rodent paramyxoviruses, thereby named feline paramyxoviruses (FPaV).…”

Current Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Progressive Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats

“…57,58 o Morbillivirus: Several studies have raised interest in a potential association between CKD and morbillivirus infection (FmoPV), a paramyxovirus identified in cats. [59][60][61][62][63] The virus was shown to have cytopathic effects in FCRK cell lines and in small numbers of stray cats there seemed to be a higher prevalence of tubulointerstitial nephritis in the cats that were positive for the feline morbillivirus than in negative cats, although little demographic and phenotypic data was available for either group. 62 FmoPV has also been identified in the urine (10%) and blood (6%) of stray cats in a study performed in Japan, and at a higher prevalence from renal tissue (40%; 4/10) from cats with CKD.…”