“…Kumar and coworkers [70], in continuation of their studies on the synthesis of new anti-tubercular scaffolds [71,72], synthesised nitroimidazole/7-chloroquinoline conjugates 131a-d pneumoniae, E. coli, E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and A. baumannii and found that, among these compounds, tetrahydroberberine-9-(2-fluorobenzyl)-12-[2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazolyl)acrylonitrile (125p) (R 1 = 2-FC 6 H 4 , n = 1) a berberine/nitroimidazole hybrid with an improved aqueous solubility (4.54 ± 0.08 µg/mL), not only exhibited strong antibacterial activity against drug resistant E. coli with an MIC value of 3 µM and was 33 times more potent than norfloxacin, but also displayed low toxicity towards RAW 264.7 mouse cancer cells. Cai, Zhou, and coworkers also investigated the antibacterial mechanism and found that compound 125p might target E. coli DNA polymerase II through the formation of hydrogen bonds, effectively permeability-resistant E. coli cell membrane, and intercalate into DNA isolated from resistant E. coli to form 125p-DNA complex, thus blocking DNA replication [69]. They also reported that resistance in E. coli, Klebsiella spp., and Enterobacter spp.…”