Discovery of Emergent Photon and Monopoles in a Quantum Spin Liquid

Tokiwa, Yutaka; Yamashita, Tatsuya; Terazawa, Daiki; Kimura, Kazuhiro; Kasahara, Yuichi; Onishi, Toshitake; Kato, Yasuyuki; Halim, Mario; Gegenwart, P.; Shibauchi, T.; Nakatsuji, Satoru; Moon, Eun-Gook; Matsuda, Yuji

doi:10.7566/jpsj.87.064702

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…One may consider whether it can also apply to the heat transport behavior of other QSI candidates such as Pr 2 Zr 2 O 7 (ref. 36 ), as recently pointed out by Rau and Gingras in ref. 42 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…The gap of visons is about J 3 ⊥ / J 2 zz , in which J ⊥ is the transverse exchange coupling between local moments 3 . Taking J ⊥ / J zz = 0.3, a typical value for QSI materials 34 – 36 , the vison gap is estimated as 40 mK for Pr 2 Ir 2 O 7 , which is also likely beyond the experiment temperature range. For magnetic monopoles, however, with the gap comparable to J zz , the thermally excited magnetic monopoles should be detectable in our temperature range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giant isotropic magneto-thermal conductivity of metallic spin liquid candidate Pr2Ir2O7 with quantum criticality

Huang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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Spin liquids are exotic states with no spontaneous symmetry breaking down to zero-temperature because of the highly entangled and fluctuating spins in frustrated systems. Exotic excitations like magnetic monopoles, visons, and photons may emerge from quantum spin ice states, a special kind of spin liquids in pyrochlore lattices. These materials usually are insulators, with an exception of the pyrochlore iridate Pr2Ir2O7, which was proposed as a metallic spin liquid located at a zero-field quantum critical point. Here we report the ultralow-temperature thermal conductivity measurements on Pr2Ir2O7. The Wiedemann–Franz law is verified at high fields and inferred at zero field, suggesting no breakdown of Landau quasiparticles at the quantum critical point, and the absence of mobile fermionic excitations. This result puts strong constraints on the description of the quantum criticality in Pr2Ir2O7. Unexpectedly, although the specific heats are anisotropic with respect to magnetic field directions, the thermal conductivities display the giant but isotropic response. This indicates that quadrupolar interactions and quantum fluctuations are important, which will help determine the true ground state of this material.

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“…One may consider whether it can also apply to the heat transport behavior of other QSI candidates such as Pr 2 Zr 2 O 7 (ref. 36 ), as recently pointed out by Rau and Gingras in ref. 42 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant isotropic magneto-thermal conductivity of metallic spin liquid candidate Pr2Ir2O7 with quantum criticality

Huang

Cheng

et al. 2021

Nat Commun

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“…A natural way to introduce gapped excitations in numerical simulations is via thermal fluctuations at finite temperature where an equilibrium population of such excitations arises. Thermodynamic quantities like heat capacity or thermal conductivity are promising signatures of gapped quasiparticles and QSL behaviour in general [3,29,62]. Therefore, we studied the interactions of visons and photonic modes in a finite temperature ensemble.…”

Section: Thermodynamics Of Photons and Visonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seeing beyond the light: Vison and photon electrodynamics in quantum spin ice

Szabó

Castelnovo

2019

Phys. Rev. B

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Understanding the nature and behaviour of excitations in quantum spin liquids, and in topological phases of matter in general, is of fundamental importance and has proven crucial for experimental detection and characterisation of candidate materials. Current theoretical and numerical techniques, however, have limited capabilities, especially when it comes to studying gapped excitations. Here, we propose a semiclassical numerical method to study systems whose spin liquid behaviour is underpinned by perturbative ring-exchange Hamiltonians. Our method can readily access both thermodynamic and spectral properties. We focus in particular on quantum spin ice and its photon and vison excitations. After benchmarking the method against existing results on photons, we use it to characterise visons and their thermodynamic behaviour, which remained hitherto largely unexplored. We find that visons, in contrast to spinons in classical spin ice, form a weak electrolyte: vison pairs are the dominant population at low temperatures. This is reflected in the behaviour of thermodynamic quantities, such as pinch point motifs in the relevant correlators. Visons also appear to strongly hybridise with the photon background, a phenomenon that affects the way these quasiparticles may show up in inelastic response measurements. Our results demonstrate that the method, and generalisations thereof, can substantially help our understanding of quasiparticles and their interplay in quantum spin ice and other quantum spin liquids, quantum dimer models, and lattice gauge theories in general.

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“…The gauge theory description of a spin liquid can take a number of different forms, ranging from intricate stringnet models [9] to familiar U (1) Maxwell theory. The latter case has a number of promising experimental candidates in the form of the "spin ice" pyrochlore materials, including the classical spin ices Dy 2 Ti 2 O 7 and Ho 2 Ti 2 O 7 , as well as the quantum spin ices Yb 2 Ti 2 O 7 and Pr 2 Zr 2 O 7 [7,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Over a range of low temperatures, these materials exist in a symmetry-preserving phase consistent with the expected behavior of a deconfined Coulomb phase of an emergent U (1) gauge field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinch point singularities of tensor spin liquids

et al. 2018

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Recently, a new class of three-dimensional spin liquid models have been theoretically discovered, which feature generalized Coulomb phases of emergent symmetric tensor U (1) gauge theories. These "higher rank" tensor models are particularly intriguing due to the presence of quasi-particles with restricted mobility, such as fractons. We investigate universal experimental signatures of tensor Coulomb phases. Most notably, we show that tensor Coulomb spin liquids (both quantum and classical) feature characteristic pinch-point singularities in their spin-spin correlation functions, accessible via neutron scattering, which can be readily distinguished from pinch points in conventional U (1) spin liquids. These pinch points can thus serve as a crisp experimental diagnostic for such phases. We also tabulate the low-temperature heat capacity of various tensor Coulomb phases, which serves as a useful additional diagnostic in certain cases. arXiv:1806.04148v1 [cond-mat.str-el]

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Discovery of Emergent Photon and Monopoles in a Quantum Spin Liquid

Cited by 26 publications

References 41 publications

Giant isotropic magneto-thermal conductivity of metallic spin liquid candidate Pr2Ir2O7 with quantum criticality

Giant isotropic magneto-thermal conductivity of metallic spin liquid candidate Pr2Ir2O7 with quantum criticality

Seeing beyond the light: Vison and photon electrodynamics in quantum spin ice

Pinch point singularities of tensor spin liquids

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