Discovery of device-device proximity: Physical layer design for D2D discovery

Abstract

this paper introduces scenarios, use cases and requirements for discovery of device-device (D2D) proximity from 3GPP SA and RAN. D2D discovery procedure, D2D discovery signal and LTE-based design are discussed. Corresponding solution options and discovery link budget based on current 3GPP evaluation are also provided.

Optimization Framework and Parameter Determination for Proximity-Based Device Discovery in D2D Communication Systems

“…In order to determine the proximity of devices in D2D communication systems, devices transmit discovery messages periodically so that neighbor devices check if the messages can be received successfully [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In particular, when the number of devices is large, the network may not be able to take full control of D2D devices.…”

“…Cellular-assisted device-to-device (D2D) communications refer to direct communications among mobile devices without transferring data through a base station (BS) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. One of the most important processes in D2D communications is that of discovery, which finds devices located nearby [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In order to determine the proximity of devices, each device transmits a discovery message periodically, and other devices check if the message can be received successfully.…”

“…A number of recent works have focused on various issues on the discovery process. Scenarios and requirements for the discovery process have been discussed in [7][8][9][10] and some efficient discovery schemes have been proposed in a centralized manner [10] or in a distributed manner [11]. Efficient discovery patterns have been investigated [12] and energy efficiency discovery process has been intensely addressed [13][14][15].…”

Asynchronous Device Detection for Cognitive Device-to-Device Communications

“…In D2D, despite the benefits of centralized coordination from BS [8]- [10], minimal involvement of network will be of critical importance, especially in fallback publicity safety scenarios or out-of-coverage applications [1], [11], [12]. In adverse situations (e.g.…”

Device Discovery Schemes for Energy-efficient Cluster Head Rotation in D2D

“…The work in [17] proposed the firefly algorithm to discover and synchronize the proximity devices. The two approaches in device discovery (whether network assistance is used or not) are emphasized in [6], although the experiment for comparison was not performed.…”