“…Among nineteen complex crystal structures, there are five endogenous ligands such as ADP and ADP-ribose: one structure for macro domain 1 (PDB ID, 3Q6Z), one structure for macro domain 2 (PDB ID, 3Q71), two structures for macro domain 1/2 (PDB ID, 3VFQ, 4D86) and one structure for macro domain 3 (PDB ID, 4ABK). The ligands of other fourteen structures are small molecular inhibitors: one structure for macro domain 2 (PDB ID, 5O2D) and thirteen structures for the catalytic domain (PDB ID, 3GOY, 3SE2, 3SMI, 3SMJ, 4F1L, 4F1Q, 4PY4, 5LXP, 5LYH, 5NQE, 5V7T, 5V7W, 6G0W) ( http://www.rcsb.org/ , 2019.01.31) (Andersson et al, 2012 ; Wahlberg et al, 2012 ; Forst et al, 2013 ; Peng et al, 2017 ; Schuller et al, 2017 ; Upton et al, 2017 ; Yoneyama-Hirozane et al, 2017 ; Holechek et al, 2018 ; Moustakim et al, 2018 ). All the PARP14 ligands released in the PDB are summarized in Table 1 .…”