Discovery of a new hydrothermal vent based on an underwater, high-resolution geophysical survey

Nakamura, Kozo; Toki, Tomohiro; Mochizuki, Nobutatsu; Asada, Miho; Ishibashi, Jun Ichiro; Nogi, Yoshifumi; Yoshikawa, Shuro; Miyazaki, Junichi; Okino, Kyoko

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2012.12.003

Cited by 62 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The Pika site (12 55 0 N, 143 39 0 E, 2,770 m depth) and the Archaean site (12 56 0 N, 143 38 0 E, 2,990 m depth) were discovered on off-axis seamounts in 2003 (Urabe et al 2004;Ishibashi et al 2004). The newest hydrothermal vent field was discovered at the Urashima site (12 55 0 N, 143 39 0 E, 2,922 m depth), which is situated about 0.5 km north of the Pika site, in 2010 (Nakamura et al 2012). The Snail, Archaean, Pika, and Urashima sites are distributed almost on a straight line from ridge axis to the off-ridge, which suggests that the locality of hydrothermal activity is controlled by tectonic fractures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vent Fauna in the Mariana Trough

Kojima

Watanabe

2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vent Fauna in the Mariana Trough

Kojima

Watanabe

2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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“…Seafloor massive sulfides formed in the subductionrelated arc and backarc environments have attracted the attention of economic geologists since these hydrothermal fields are considered to be modern analogues of volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on land (e.g., Fouquet et al 1993). Detailed geophysical, geomorphological, geological, mineralogical, geochemical and microbiological analyses of seafloor hydrothermal systems in the Southern Mariana Trough have been carried out within the past 20 years (e.g., Fryer 1995;Ishibashi and Urabe 1995;Ishibashi et al 2006;Kakegawa et al 2008;Kato et al 2009;Yoshikawa et al 2012;Nakamura et al 2013;Takamasa et al 2013;Ishibashi et al Chap. 23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Minerals Collected from Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Southern Mariana Spreading Center

Ikehata

Suzuki

Shimada

et al. 2014

Subseafloor Biosphere Linked to Hydrothermal Systems

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Seafloor hydrothermal mineralization of four active hydrothermal fields (Snail, Yamanaka, Archaean and Pika sites) in the Southern Mariana Trough was investigated to clarify the mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of the hydrothermal minerals. The Snail site and the Yamanaka site are located on the crest of the backarc spreading ridge (on-axis). The Pika site sits atop an off-axial volcano, 4.9 km distant from the spreading axis, while the Archaean site sits on the flank of the spreading ridge, about 1.5 km distant from the axis. In the four hydrothermal sites, chimney and mound sulfides are composed mainly of pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite and chalcopyrite. Conduits and interstices of these sulfide minerals are filled with late barite and anhydrite. Mineralizations of off-axial hydrothermal fields have mineralogical and geochemical signatures (Fe-rich and low f S2 condition) similar to those of mineralizations at sediment-free mid-ocean ridge settings. By contrast, mineralizations of on-axial sites show distinctly Zn and Pb-rich (high f S2 condition) signatures similar to those found in arc or rifting settings. Sulfur isotopic compositions of collected sulfide minerals show a similar diversity with a mid-ocean ridge range for the off-axial sites and an island-arc range for the on-axial sites. These isotopic signatures could be explained by varying proportions of magmatic sulfur leached from the underlying volcanic rocks and reduced seawater sulfates. Keywords

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“…In this study, we investigated four iron-dominated mats and deposits obtained from deep-sea hydrothermal fields in the Northern Mariana Volcanic Arc (the Yellow Top site of the northwestern [NW] Eifuku Seamount) (51), the Southern Mariana Trough (the Snail site and the Urashima site) (52), and the Okinawa Trough (the Fox site of the Tarama Knoll) (53). The abundance and composition of zetaproteobacterial and other potential iron-oxidizing populations in geographically and geochemically distinct iron mat communities were investigated by 16S rRNA gene clone analysis.…”

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Comparative Analysis of Microbial Communities in Iron-Dominated Flocculent Mats in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Environments

Makita

Kikuchi

Mitsunobu

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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It has been suggested that iron is one of the most important energy sources for photosynthesis-independent microbial ecosystems in the ocean crust. Iron-metabolizing chemolithoautotrophs play a key role as primary producers, but little is known about their distribution and diversity and their ecological role as submarine iron-metabolizing chemolithotrophs, particularly the iron oxidizers. In this study, we investigated the microbial communities in several iron-dominated flocculent mats found in deep-sea hydrothermal fields in the Mariana Volcanic Arc and Trough and the Okinawa Trough by culture-independent molecular techniques and X-ray mineralogical analyses. The abundance and composition of the 16S rRNA gene phylotypes demonstrated the ubiquity of zetaproteobacterial phylotypes in iron-dominated mat communities affected by hydrothermal fluid input. Electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis revealed the chemical and mineralogical signatures of biogenic Fe-(oxy)hydroxide species and the potential contribution of Zetaproteobacteria to the in situ generation. These results suggest that putative iron-oxidizing chemolithoautotrophs play a significant ecological role in producing iron-dominated flocculent mats and that they are important for iron and carbon cycles in deep-sea low-temperature hydrothermal environments. IMPORTANCEWe report novel aspects of microbiology from iron-dominated flocculent mats in various deep-sea environments. In this study, we examined the relationship between Zetaproteobacteria and iron oxides across several hydrothermally influenced sites in the deep sea. We analyzed iron-dominated mats using culture-independent molecular techniques and X-ray mineralogical analyses. The scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy SEM-EDS analysis and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis revealed chemical and mineralogical signatures of biogenic Fe-(oxy)hydroxide species as well as the potential contribution of the zetaproteobacterial population to the in situ production. These key findings provide important information for understanding the mechanisms of both geomicrobiological iron cycling and the formation of iron-dominated mats in deepsea hydrothermal fields. Iron is one of the most common elements on Earth and is the fourth most abundant element in the Earth's crust. Iron has a wide range of oxidation states but exists mostly in a ϩ2 or ϩ3 state in the natural environment. The valence of iron depends on the prevailing environmental physicochemical conditions, such as pH, O 2 concentration, and redox potential. Iron occurs in many mineral phases, including (hydr)oxides, carbonates, silicates, and sulfides. The oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron releases energy, which is harnessed by some iron-oxidizing prokaryotes. Ferrous iron is stable under anoxic conditions but can autoxidize in air. Some microbial communities that are unable to use solar energy via photosynthesis use energy from iron ...

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Discovery of a new hydrothermal vent based on an underwater, high-resolution geophysical survey

Cited by 62 publications

References 34 publications

Vent Fauna in the Mariana Trough

Vent Fauna in the Mariana Trough

Mineralogical and Geochemical Characteristics of Hydrothermal Minerals Collected from Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Southern Mariana Spreading Center

Comparative Analysis of Microbial Communities in Iron-Dominated Flocculent Mats in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Environments

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