Discovery and Characterization of a Linear Cyclotide from Viola odorata: Implications for the Processing of Circular Proteins

Ireland, David C.; Colgrave, Michelle L.; Nguyencong, Philip; Daly, Norelle L.; Craik, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.01.051

Cited by 106 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This provides a biosynthetic explanation for the linear structure of panitides and reinforces the essential role of the C-terminal Asn residue for a head-to-tail backbone ligation. The biosynthesis of panitides is likely similar to other linear cyclotides such as chassatide C7 (18), hedyotide B2 (21), kalata B20-lin (24), Phyb M (15), and violacin A (22), which also lack the essential Asn residue in their sequences and precursors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They share the same cystine arrangement and high sequence homology with cyclotides, but are biosynthetically unable to cyclize (18,21,22). They have been referred as "uncyclotides" by Nguyen et al (21) or "acyclotides" by Poth et al (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The occurrence of linear cyclotides was once thought to be rare with violacin A isolated from Viola odorata by Ireland et al (22) in 2006 as the sole example. Since then, additional linear cyclotides have been identified from various plants, including hedyotide B2 from Hedyotis biflora (21), chassatide C7 and C8 from Chassalia chartacea (18), psyle C from Psychotria leptothyrsa (23), kalata B20-lin from O. affinis (24), and Phyb M from Petunia hybrida (15).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Discovery of Linear Cyclotides in Monocot Plant Panicum laxum of Poaceae Family Provides New Insights into Evolution and Distribution of Cyclotides in Plants

Nguyen

Lian

Pang

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

107

111

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Background: Cyclotides are biologically active, plant-derived macrocyclic peptides. All cyclotides and their acyclic variants have been isolated from dicots. Results: We characterized nine novel linear cyclotides from monocot plant Panicum laxum. Conclusion: Our study provides the first evidence of linear cyclotides at the protein level in the Poaceae. Significance: Ancient linear cyclotide analogs may have existed before the divergence of dicots and monocots.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Discovery of Linear Cyclotides in Monocot Plant Panicum laxum of Poaceae Family Provides New Insights into Evolution and Distribution of Cyclotides in Plants

Nguyen

Lian

Pang

et al. 2013

Journal of Biological Chemistry

107

111

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“…Their linear precursor proteins are encoded by genes, which are transcribed and translated, and the mature cyclotides are subsequently excized from the precursor proteins and cyclized. There are a handful of reports describing genes for various Möbius and bracelet cyclotides, [18,32,[41][42][43][44] but a full understanding of their biosynthesis will require the discovery of more cyclotide genes so that conserved patterns associated with their processing can be deciphered. Here, we expand the range of known genes by reporting the gene encoding vhl-2.…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure and Activity of the Leaf-Specific Cyclotide vhl-2

et al. 2010

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Cyclotides are plant-derived macrocyclic peptides with potential applications in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. In addition to their presumed natural function as host-defence peptides arising from their insecticidal activity, their other biological activities include antimicrobial, haemolytic, and cytotoxic activities, but at present, only limited information is available on the structural and chemical features that are important for these various activities. In the current study, we determined the three-dimensional structure of vhl-2, a leaf-specific cyclotide. Although the characteristic cyclic cystine knot fold of other cyclotides is maintained in vhl-2, it has more potent haemolytic activity than well-characterized cyclotides such as kalata B1 and kalata B8. Analysis of surface hydrophobicity and haemolytic activity for a range of cyclotides indicates a correlation between them, with increasing hydrophobicity resulting in increased haemolytic activity. This correlation is consistent with membrane binding being a vital step in mediating the various cytotoxic activities of cyclotides. The gene sequence for vhl-2 was determined and indicates that vhl-2 is processed from a multidomain precursor protein that also encodes the cyclotide cycloviolacin H3.

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“…Moreover, it has been reported to possess antibacterial (Ramezani et al, 2012;Khan et al, 2011), anthelmintic activity (Colgrave et al, 2008), anti-fungal (Pawar and Thaker, 2006) and mosquito repellant activity (Amer and Mehlhorn, 2006). The qualitative investigation revealed presence of violanthin, flavonoids, glycosides (Khare, 2007), stigmasterol (Mittal, 2013), violaquercetin, saponins, alkaloids, vitamins (Kathi, 1991), phenols (Ebrahimzadeh, 2010), glucosides, violin (Prajapati et al, 2004), violanthin and violanin (Rastogi, 1979), vanillic acid (Evans, 1996), benzofuranone (Akhbari et al, 2012), glucopyranosides, (Karioti et al, 2011), shikimic acid (Anca et al, 2009), cycloviolacin, (Rosengren et al, 2003;Craik et al, 1999), dimethyldodecane (Cu et al, 1992), dimethylheptane (Beierbeck and Saunders, 1980), glucopyranoside (Henrick and Jefferies, 1964), violacin (Ireland et al, 2006) and peptide (Svangård et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of <i>Viola odorata</i> in diarrhea, bronchial asthma and hypertension

Janbaz

Khan

Saqib

et al. 2015

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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Viola odorata is traditionally used in the management of gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular disorders. The present study was undertaken to validate its folkloric uses. The application of V. odorata to spontaneous contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparation exerted relaxant effect through decrease in magnitude and frequency of contractions. Moreover, it also caused relaxation of K + (80 mM)-induced contractions and shifted the Ca 2+ concentration response curves toward right in isolated jejunum similar to verapamil (standard Ca 2+ channel blocker), confirming Ca 2+ channel blocking activity. V. odorata also caused relaxation of carbachol (1 µM)-and K + (80 mM) -induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations comparable to verapamil, reflecting that observed relaxant effect may be the outcome of antimuscarinic and/or Ca 2+ channel blocking activities. It also exerted relaxant effect on phenylephrine (1 µM)-and K + (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit aortic preparations thus providing rationale for its folkloric uses to treat diarrhea, asthma and hypertension. Article Info Materials and Methods Plant material and preparation of extractThe aerial parts of V. odorata were collected in May, 2012 from the botanical garden of Pakistan Institute of Forestry, University of Peshawar and were identified by the kind cooperation of an expert taxonomist (Prof. Altaf Ahmad Dasti), at

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Discovery and Characterization of a Linear Cyclotide from Viola odorata: Implications for the Processing of Circular Proteins

Cited by 106 publications

References 34 publications

Discovery of Linear Cyclotides in Monocot Plant Panicum laxum of Poaceae Family Provides New Insights into Evolution and Distribution of Cyclotides in Plants

Discovery of Linear Cyclotides in Monocot Plant Panicum laxum of Poaceae Family Provides New Insights into Evolution and Distribution of Cyclotides in Plants

Structure and Activity of the Leaf-Specific Cyclotide vhl-2

Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of <i>Viola odorata</i> in diarrhea, bronchial asthma and hypertension

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