Discovering Spike Patterns in Neuronal Responses

Fellous, Jean-Marc; Tiesinga, Paul; Thomas, Peter J.; Sejnowski, Terrence J.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4649-03.2004

Cited by 162 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…3g). Across the two trials the neuron will thus produce distinct spike patterns 18,26 , as observed in vitro 19,23 . When there is a prolonged period without spiking on both trials, the voltage trajectories will converge back and the same spike pattern will be obtained.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…If stimulus-related information is to be coded in the precise spike times, the interaction illustrated in part c is innocuous but the one in part d is harmful. Experimental recordings of TC neurons indicate the presence of spike patterns 18,43 , which suggests that there are synchronous spike volleys at the population level. The spike volleys could be synchronous to a few SSCs (yellow highlight) or they could be synchronous across inputs to a large group of SSCs (red highlight).…”

Section: Feedforward Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For a series of trials, the data can be arranged to form a similarity matrix, and a clustering algorithm can be used to identify spike patterns. Spike patterns have been uncovered in experimental data using this procedure 18 , which is illustrated in FIG. 3 for data taken from a model neuron.…”

Section: Detecting Spike Patterns In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown that neurons in the mediotemporal cortex respond precisely to rapid changes in the direction of motion 47 . The reliability of events in these spike trains was initially found to be low; however, a re-analysis revealed multiple reliable spike-time patterns 18 . Further evidence for precise spike timing at this level is found in the barrel cortex 48 and the auditory cortex 49 .…”

Section: Evidence For Spike-time Precision In the Visual Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2a). In a and c the trials are ordered as they are recorded, whereas in b and d they are reordered using fuzzy K-means clustering 139 to bring similar trials close to each other 18 . Spike patterns are operationally defined as groups of trials that are more similar to each other than to the other trials.…”

Section: Feedforward Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of spike timing in visual cortical circuits

2008

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A train of action potentials (a spike train) can carry information in both the average firing rate and the pattern of spikes in the train. But can such a spike-pattern code be supported by cortical circuits? Neurons in vitro produce a spike pattern in response to the injection of a fluctuating current. However, cortical neurons in vivo are modulated by local oscillatory neuronal activity and by top-down inputs. In a cortical circuit, precise spike patterns thus reflect the interaction between internally generated activity and sensory information encoded by input spike trains. We review the evidence for precise and reliable spike timing in the cortex and discuss its computational role.Reliability and precision are two different quantities. When you make an appointment with your friend, she can either keep the appointment or not show up at all. If she does show up, she might or might not be on time. The former uncertainty is related to reliability, whereas the latter is related to precision. When the same stimulus waveform is repeatedly injected at the soma of a neuron in vitro (FIG. 1a), a similar spike train is obtained on each trial 1,2 (FIG. 1b). When approximately the same number of spikes occur on each trial the neuron is said to be reliable, whereas when the spikes occur almost at the same time across trials it is said to be precise (FIG. 1c). For a single neuron, the potential information content of precise and reliable spike times is many times larger than that which is contained in the firing rate, which is averaged across a typical interval of a hundred milliseconds [3][4][5][6] . The information contained in spike timing is available immediately, rather than after an averaging period. Furthermore, the timing of patterns of spikes can potentially transmit even more information than the timing of the individual constituent spikes 3,7 . The potential relevance of spike patterns becomes apparent when we consider neurons at the population level: when a group of similar neurons (a 'pool') produces precise and reliable spike trains, the neurons they project to receive volleys of synchronous spikes 8,9 . This opens up the possibility of communicating between different cortical areas through synchronous spike volleys.In contrast to the in vitro situation described above, in the intact cortex most excitatory synaptic inputs arrive at the dendrites rather than at the soma (FIG. 1d), and synaptic transmission is typically unreliable [10][11][12][13] . Furthermore, most of these dendritic inputs are not directly related to ongoing sensory stimulation; rather, they reflect spatiotemporally structured internal activity. Therefore, when the same stimulus is presented repeatedly, the resulting spike trains are usually neither precise nor reliable when they are aligned to the stimulus onset 6 . Instead, HHMI Author ManuscriptHHMI Author Manuscript HHMI Author Manuscript neural activity in vivo might be dominated by internally generated complex reverberations or rhythmic oscillations, and precise and reliable sp...

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mentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Feedforward Informationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Detecting Spike Patterns In Vitromentioning

confidence: 99%