2016
DOI: 10.1177/0956462416669852
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Discordant HIV DNA PCR results among infants diagnosed with HIV infection and initiated on ART: a case series

Abstract: This case series reports three infants diagnosed with HIV-1 infection using DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The three children were initiated on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at ten, four and six months of age. Their serological tests at 18 months of age were negative for HIV-1. The first child was discontinued from ART. The other two children were HIV-negative after 18 months, but were continued on ART. Such seroreversion may be either due to viral suppression or false-positive DNA PCR results. Th… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(3 citation statements)
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“…Indeterminate PCR results, defined as inconclusive tests, are frequently observed and remain one of the main challenges of EID ( 34 38 ). As national programs aiming at preventing mother-to-child transmission are successfully implemented, the positive predictive value of a single diagnostic test will continue to decrease.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Indeterminate PCR results, defined as inconclusive tests, are frequently observed and remain one of the main challenges of EID ( 34 38 ). As national programs aiming at preventing mother-to-child transmission are successfully implemented, the positive predictive value of a single diagnostic test will continue to decrease.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In an evaluation of four commercial virological assays for early infant HIV-1 diagnosis using dried blood specimens, these tests were all useful for EID, although discrepant results were common [16]. These studies advocate further research to reduce false-positive results that could lead to false diagnosis and unnecessary treatment, and that caution should be exercised in interpreting the results of quantitative PCR with low viral load (VL) values and in developing guidelines for the management of cases with discordant virological findings [15,16].…”
Section: What Early Diagnosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Discordant results are sometimes observed: Jagtap et al reported a series of three cases of infants, aged four to ten months, diagnosed with pediatric HIV-1 infection using DNA PCR testing and got ART and whose serological tests at age of 18 months returned negative for HIV-1. Such seroreversion may be either due to viral suppression or false positive DNA PCR results [15]. In an evaluation of four commercial virological assays for early infant HIV-1 diagnosis using dried blood specimens, these tests were all useful for EID, although discrepant results were common [16].…”
Section: What Early Diagnosismentioning
confidence: 99%