Discontinuity surfaces in Upper Cretaceous to Paleogene carbonates of central Dalmatia (Croatia): Glossifungites ichnofacies, biogenic calcretes, and stratigraphic implications

Brlek, Mihovil; Korbar, Tvrtko; Košir, Adrijan; Glumac, Bosiljka; Grizelj, Anita; Otoničar, Bojan

doi:10.1007/s10347-013-0378-9

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The Majerovica section at Hvar represents a fortuitous case in the whole ACP, where a 30-m-thick succession of biostratigraphically defined basal Paleocene limestones rest on top of latest Maastrichtian inner-platform limestones. These strata were spared by the Paleocene-Eocene erosional unconformity which arose as a consequence of a major subaerial exposure, and is characterized by paleokarst and pedogenic features (Brlek et al, 2014;Korbar, 2009).…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary tsunami deposit in the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform section of Hvar (Croatia)

Korbar

Montanari

Fuček³

et al. 2015

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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An exceptional 47-m-thick succession of Maastrichtian to Paleocene inner-platform carbonates is exposed in the Dalmatian island of Hvar (Adriatic Sea, Croatia) in a seaside locality called Majerovica. The middle part of this succession comprises a ~5 m thick intraformational massive deposit, which is underlain by well-bedded peritidal inner-platform limestones containing latest Maastrichtian rudists and shallow water benthic foraminifera. This deposit includes a polygenic, matrix-supported carbonate breccia characterized by ripped-up platform limestone lithoclasts, up to boulder sized, and polygenic microbreccia in a muddy matrix. The microbreccia contains rare small intraclasts of pelagic mudstone containing terminal Maastrichtian planktonic foraminifera. The deposit is overlain in turn by mudstone containing a planktonic foraminiferal association belonging to the P0 and P Zones of the basal Paleogene, and by shallow-water muddy limestones containing planktonic foraminifera belonging to the P1 Zone. While facies suggest that the deposit was emplaced over the inner platform by a single large tsunami, the biostratigraphic assessment of this section and the presence of enhanced concentrations of platinum group elements, such as iridium in the topmost part of the massive deposit, lend support to the hypothesis that this tsunamite is related to the K-Pg event, triggered by the Chicxulub impact in Yucatán. This is potentially the first case of a tropical carbonate platform sedimentary succession recording the K-Pg event, which provides a new constraint for modeling both the western Tethyan paleogeography and the catastrophic aftermaths of the Chixculub impact at the Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary tsunami deposit in the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform section of Hvar (Croatia)

Korbar

Montanari

Fuček³

et al. 2015

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…These stratal surfaces occur due to a hiatus in sedimentation and/or erosion of previously deposited material, and represent a break in the time‐stratigraphic record of any duration (Clari et al ., ). Discontinuity surfaces (or discontinuities) are of interest due to their importance in resolving high‐frequency sea‐level fluctuations and basin evolution at scales finer than chronostratigraphic resolution typically available (Hillgärtner, ; Sattler et al ., ; Bishop et al ., ; Chow & Wendte, ; Christ et al ., ,b; Brlek et al ., ,b; Godet et al ., ). Furthermore, each surface can retain its own complex history revealing multiple geological events superimposed on a single stratigraphic break (Clari et al ., ; Hillgärtner, ; Sattler et al ., ; Rameil et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discontinuity surfaces and microfacies in a storm‐dominated shallow Epeiric Sea, Devonian Cedar Valley Group, Iowa

Brady

Bowie

2017

The Depositional Record

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Discontinuity surfaces develop in carbonate successions in response to a range of environmental changes and represent an integral part of the stratigraphic record. In Palaeozoic shallow epeiric basins that are typified by extremely slow subsidence and intermittent sedimentation, discontinuity surfaces may represent the majority of the time-rock record. A depositional and sequence-stratigraphic model was developed through microfacies analysis and discontinuity surface characterization using three cores in a proximal to distal transect across the Middle to Upper Devonian Iowa Basin. Twelve microfacies are recognized, spanning supratidal to deep subtidal facies tracts. A total of 105 discontinuity surfaces were documented and classified as either submarine omission surfaces, subaerial exposure surfaces or submarine erosional surfaces. Omission surfaces increase in frequency basinward, indicating increased sediment starvation in the offshore direction. Exposure surfaces increase in frequency shoreward, indicating more frequent subaerial exposure in a shallower setting. Erosional surfaces are dominant in the inner and middle ramp and interpreted as the base of storm beds (tempestites); these surfaces are rare in the outer ramp due to its generally deeper setting below storm wave base. Moreover, discontinuity surfaces exhibit systematic groupings stratigraphically (vertically) across the three localities spanning the Devonian carbonate ramp. Zones of either exposuredominated, erosion-dominated or omission-dominated surfaces were recognized and correlated with their landward or basinward equivalents (along with shifts in major facies belts) and interpreted in a sequence-stratigraphic context. This study highlights the importance of including a detailed characterization of both depositional facies and non-depositional discontinuity surfaces in order to better understand the stratigraphic history of a basin. The framework of analysis provided here is particularly useful for marine carbonate strata deposited in epeiric basins, which are especially common in the Palaeozoic and where nondeposition and erosion occur frequently, but can also be applied to other geological time periods and settings.

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“…Where there is no angular discordance between overand underlying strata, third-order unconformities may be identified by abrupt changes in lithological and sedimentological characteristics together with changes in palaeontologic, geochemical, well-log and seismic reflection data (Clari et al, 1995;Miller and West, 1998;Briek et al, 2014). These types of data were used to identify the third-order T 7 8 unconformity between the Penglaiba and Yingshan Formations in the Tarim Basin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Third‐order Unconformity Within Lower Ordovician Carbonates in the Tarim Basin, Nw China: Implications for Reservoir Development

Gao

Tang

Qunan

et al. 2016

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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This paper presents outcrop, petrographic, geochemical, well log and seismic data which together characterise the third‐order T78 unconformity located between the carbonate‐dominated Lower Ordovician Penglaiba and Yingshan Formations in the Tarim Basin, NW China. Unconformities in Lower Palaeozoic carbonates in this basin are of increasing interest because major reserves of hydrocarbons have recently been discovered at the North Slope field (> 1000 × 106 brls oil and ∼ 3050× 108 m3 gas). The reservoir here consists of karstified Lower Ordovician carbonates bounded by a third‐order unconformity. The T78 unconformity in Tarim Basin represents a short‐term exposure surface (< 1 Ma) controlled both by sea‐level changes and by palaeogeographic location within the basin, and the intensity of karstification varies laterally. The unconformity has had a major influence on porosity development in the underlying Penglaiba Formation carbonates. At two measured outcrop sections at the NW basin margin (Penglaiba and Shuinichang), dissolution porosity was observed in karstified and dolomitised carbonates below the T78 unconformity surface. A seismic profile shows the presence of reflection anomalies below the unconformity which are interpreted as karst‐related palaeo‐caverns. Geochemical data indicate that the T78 unconformity is associated with anomalies in stable isotope ratios and in heavy mineral and trace element profiles. Thus there are negative excursions in δ13C and δ18O ratios within the carbonate rocks immediately below the unconformity surface. Similarly, concentrations of major and trace elements such as Li, K, Ti, Rb, Th, Sr, V and Ni are significantly reduced in the underlying carbonates, while there is an anomalously high content of haematite‐limonite.

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Discontinuity surfaces in Upper Cretaceous to Paleogene carbonates of central Dalmatia (Croatia): Glossifungites ichnofacies, biogenic calcretes, and stratigraphic implications

Cited by 32 publications

References 71 publications

Potential Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary tsunami deposit in the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform section of Hvar (Croatia)

Potential Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary tsunami deposit in the intra-Tethyan Adriatic carbonate platform section of Hvar (Croatia)

Discontinuity surfaces and microfacies in a storm‐dominated shallow Epeiric Sea, Devonian Cedar Valley Group, Iowa

A Third‐order Unconformity Within Lower Ordovician Carbonates in the Tarim Basin, Nw China: Implications for Reservoir Development

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