Disclosure of serostatus by HIV infected youth: the experience of the REACH study

D’Angelo, Lawrence J.; Abdalian, Sue Ellen; Sarr, Moussa; Hoffman, Neal D.; Belzer, Marvin

doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(01)00285-3

Cited by 58 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…45 Note, however, that overall, intentions to disclose to partners were low in this sample. Nondisclosure to sexual partners is somewhat common among adults and youth living with HIV, 46,47 and disclosure does not always result in reduced HIV transmission risk. 46,48,49 There are several limitations to this study.…”

Section: Disclosure Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nondisclosure to sexual partners is somewhat common among adults and youth living with HIV, 46,47 and disclosure does not always result in reduced HIV transmission risk. 46,48,49 There are several limitations to this study. Although we were able to interview 77% of participants from HIV primary care clinics who met criteria for our study, our convenience sample from NYC may not reflect all PHIVþ adolescents, particularly those not receiving care in urban centers.…”

Section: Disclosure Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychosocial Implications of HIV Serostatus Disclosure to Youth with Perinatally Acquired HIV

Santamaria

Dolezal²,

Marhefka³

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Recommendations suggest that older children and adolescents perinatally infected with HIV (PHIVþ) be informed of their HIV diagnosis; however, delayed disclosure is commonly reported. This study examined the prevalence and timing of HIV disclosure to PHIVþ adolescents and the associations between the timing of disclosure and psychological functioning and other behavioral outcomes. Recruitment took place at four medical centers in New York City between December 2003 and December 2008. This sample included data from 196 PHIVþ youth and their caregivers: 50% of youth were male, 58% African American, 42% Hispanic, with a mean age of 12.71 years. According to caregiver reports, 70% of the PHIVþ youth knew their HIV diagnosis. Youths who had been told were more likely to be older; youths with a Spanish-speaking Latino caregiver and whose caregivers had a grade school education were told at an older age. Youths who had been told their HIV status were significantly less anxious than those who had not been told; there were no other differences in psychological functioning. Youths who knew their status for longer reported higher intentions to self-disclose to potential sex partners. In multivariate analyses only demographic differences associated with timing of disclosure remained. In summary, PHIVþ youth who had been told their HIV status did not show an increase of psychological problems and were more likely to have intentions to self-disclose to sexual partners. Yet, almost one third was entering puberty without important information regarding their illness. Caregivers need support to address factors impeding HIV disclosure.

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Section: Disclosure Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disclosure Statusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial Implications of HIV Serostatus Disclosure to Youth with Perinatally Acquired HIV

Santamaria

Dolezal²,

Marhefka³

et al. 2011

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, studies have shown that HIV-positive adolescents are more likely to disclose their HIV serostatus to primary partners than to casual sex partners and that when adolescents do disclose, they do so in an attempt to deepen intimacy and generate support from their partners. 21,22 Further research in this area should investigate how romantic relationships and intimacy interact with selfefficacy for sexual risk reduction in predicting condom use and safe sex discussion skills.…”

Section: Self-efficacy For Sexual Risk Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 Prior research shows up to 80% of HIV-positive youth do not disclose their status to recent sexual partners. 21,23 Stigma surrounding HIV may prevent HIV-positive adolescents from feeling like they can disclose their HIV status in different situations. 6,24 A 2002 study of HIV-positive African American women showed that women engage in a ''calculus of disclosure'' that involves balancing potential stigmatization with the benefit of social support, and that many women selectively disclose in some, but not all, situations.…”

Section: Self-efficacy For Sexual Risk Reductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Efficacy for Sexual Risk Reduction and Partner HIV Status as Correlates of Sexual Risk Behavior Among HIV-Positive Adolescent Girls and Women

BooneMelissa

Cherenack

WilsonPatrick

2015

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Little is known about the correlates of sexual risk behavior among HIV-positive adolescent girls and women in the United States. This study investigates two potential factors related to unprotected vaginal and anal intercourse (UVAI) that have yet to be thoroughly studied in this group: self-efficacy for sexual risk reduction and partner HIV status. Data was analyzed from 331 HIV-positive adolescent girls and women between 12 and 24 years old who reported vaginal and/or anal intercourse with a male partner in the past 3 months at fifteen sites across the United States. Results show that overall self-efficacy (B = -0.15, p = 0.01), self-efficacy to discuss safe sex with one's partner (B = -0.14, p = 0.01), and self-efficacy to refuse unsafe sex (B = -0.21, p = 0.01) are related to UVAI episodes. Participants with only HIV-positive partners or with both HIV-positive and HIVnegative partners showed a trend towards higher percentages of UVAI episodes compared to participants with only HIV-negative partners (F(2, 319) = 2.80, p = 0.06). These findings point to the importance of including selfefficacy and partner HIV status in risk-reduction research and interventions developed for HIV-positive adolescent girls and young women.

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“…YAHR are difficult to identify in medical clinics because most youth (about 60% of general adolescent population) do not access health care [5][6][7]. Adolescents typically fail to disclose their sexual behaviors to their families or their physicians, most often because the YAHR are never asked about risk [8][9][10]. YAHR are likely to be encountered at agencies serving lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth; homeless shelters; in the criminal justice system; and through online or in-person venues and events associated with sexual networking [11].…”

Section: Introduction Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Text-Messaging, Online Peer Support Group, and Coaching Strategies to Optimize the HIV Prevention Continuum for Youth: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

Swendeman¹,

Arnold²,

Harris³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Background: The rate of HIV has doubled in the last 15 years among young people to 22% of HIV cases. Scientific advances in biomedical HIV prevention strategies have not been utilized by youth. Methods/Design: Young people aged 12 -24 years old (n= 1500) are being recruited from community-based organizations (CBO) and clinics serving gay, bisexual, and transgender youth, homeless youth, youth on probation or released from incarceration, and youth in other high-risk venues (e.g., bars and clubs). Youth are randomized in a factorial design to: 1) an automated messaging and monitoring intervention (AMMI) using text messages (n = 900); 2) AMMI plus peer support via private social media (n = 200); 3) AMMI plus strengths-based coaching (n = 200); and 4) AMMI, peer support, and coaching (n = 200). At four-month intervals over 24 months, interviewers monitor: uptake of the steps in the HIV Prevention Continuum (linkage to health care and adherence to pre-or post-exposure prophylaxis or 100% condom use), and conduct repeat rapid diagnostic tests for HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STI), drugs and alcohol use. Weekly automated monitoring via text (or email) in AMMI includes questions on acute HIV and STI symptoms for immediate follow-up by interviewers to provide HIV and STI testing, STI treatment, and partner therapy. Discussion: The greatest impacts are expected among youth receiving the most intensive intervention (i.e., AMMI, peer support, and coach). However, the youth's concurrent mental health, substance abuse, and housing and food security are expected to be significant covariates that influence the uptake of the HIV Prevention Continuum. This study operationalizes the guidelines of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding the prevention of HIV among the highest risk youth, using community-based point of care diagnostics supported by scalable technology-mediated interventions. Similarly, over 90% of adolescents under age 18 go online daily, more than half several times a day which is facilitated by access to smartphones among 75% of youth of each ethnicity, crossing the digital divide [28]. Much of this online activity is driven by social media use, particularly via smartphones -for example, over 70% of adolescents under 18 years use Facebook, while about half also use Instagram and Snapchat [28]. The interventions in this study use text messaging and social media to engage "youth where they are" in the digital environment. This approach has resulted in four intervention arms which vary in intensity and costs. In order of increasing intensity and costs, the interventions are: 1) automated text-messaging and weekly monitoring probes; 2) peer support via social media; 3) paraprofessional coaching; and 4) all three combined. This study's automated and interpersonally-mediated technology-based interventions will be based on the shared features of existing EBI -we will not create a new app nor an EBI with a manual to be replicated with 6 fidelity [14,33,34]. In the last 25 years, over...

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Disclosure of serostatus by HIV infected youth: the experience of the REACH study

Cited by 58 publications

References 23 publications

Psychosocial Implications of HIV Serostatus Disclosure to Youth with Perinatally Acquired HIV

Psychosocial Implications of HIV Serostatus Disclosure to Youth with Perinatally Acquired HIV

Self-Efficacy for Sexual Risk Reduction and Partner HIV Status as Correlates of Sexual Risk Behavior Among HIV-Positive Adolescent Girls and Women

Text-Messaging, Online Peer Support Group, and Coaching Strategies to Optimize the HIV Prevention Continuum for Youth: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

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