Discharge of H2 from the Atotsugawa and Ushikubi Faults, Japan, and its relation to earthquakes

Satake, Hiroshi; Ohashi, Masahiko; Hayashi, Yoshimitsu

doi:10.1007/bf00874592

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In fact, Kato et al (1989) demonstrated, by an experiment on gas emanation from Westerly granite under uniaxial compression, that H, emanation from a compressed rock sample is closely corrected with microfracturing. Also in field observations, anomalously high amounts of hydrogen in soil gas have been detected along several active faults in Japan (e.g., Wakita et al, 1980;Kita et al, 1980;Sugisaki et al, 1983;Satake et al, 1985). Satake et al (1985) measured H2 concentration in soil gases weekly at five stations on the Atotsugawa and Ushikubi faults, northern central Honshu, Japan, and detected anomalous H, emissions associated with an M7.7 earthquake at an epicentral distance of 486km that occurred on May 26, 1983: preseismic anomalies at three stations and coseismic anomalies at the other two.…”

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in field observations, anomalously high amounts of hydrogen in soil gas have been detected along several active faults in Japan (e.g., Wakita et al, 1980;Kita et al, 1980;Sugisaki et al, 1983;Satake et al, 1985). Satake et al (1985) measured H2 concentration in soil gases weekly at five stations on the Atotsugawa and Ushikubi faults, northern central Honshu, Japan, and detected anomalous H, emissions associated with an M7.7 earthquake at an epicentral distance of 486km that occurred on May 26, 1983: preseismic anomalies at three stations and coseismic anomalies at the other two. Precursory emission of H2 was also observed in bubbles from the Byakko mineral spring, central Japan, beginning about 1 month before the M6.8 Western Nagano earthquake on September 14, 1984, at an epicentral distance of 50km (Sugisaki andSugimura, 1985, 1986).…”

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geochemical and Hydrological Observations for Earthquake Prediction in Japan.

Igarashi

Wakita

1995

J,Phys,Earth

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Several research groups have made efforts to accumulate reliable data on various geochemical and hydrological parameters for periods longer than 10 years. The data accumulation has enabled them to characterize background fluctuations in the data and consequently to examine their relation to earthquake occurrences without prejudice. As a result, a number of earthquake-related anomalies have consistently been identified in various geochemical and hydrological observations, suggesting that they are sensitive indicators of earthquake occurrence. Comprehensive monitoring based on multicomponent and multi-station observations has begun to result in the detection of more reliable precursory phenomena which appeared simultaneously in two or different kinds of observations at several stations.

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Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical and Hydrological Observations for Earthquake Prediction in Japan.

Igarashi

Wakita

1995

J,Phys,Earth

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“…High concentrations of H 2 are usually observed immediately after installation of the monitoring equipment (e.g., SATAKE et al, 1984). The excessive H 2 released is possibly generated by rock fracturing during drilling of sampling holes and rapid release of H 2 from storage in fault zone outcrops immediately after installation (SATAKE et al, 1984;SHIMADA et al, 2008). The duration of the high initial concentrations can interfere with the detection of the intrinsic H 2 emissions from the fault zones.…”

Section: Measurement Of H 2 Emissions Using a Portable Gas Monitor Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Pathways for Hydrogen Gas Migration in Fault Zones with a Discontinuous, Heterogeneous Permeability Structure and the Relationship to Particle Size Distribution of Fault Materials

Niwa

Kurosawa

Shimada

et al. 2010

Pure Appl. Geophys.

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Previous studies have reported that high concentrations of H 2 gas are released from active fault zones. Experimental studies suggest that the H 2 gas is derived from the reaction of water with free radicals formed when silicate minerals are fractured at hypocenter depths during fault activities. However, the pathways for migration of deep-seated fluids to surface are still unknown. In this study we performed quick, multipoint H 2 gas measurements across a fault zone using a portable gas monitor and a hand drill. The fault zone studied includes a smectite-rich fault core dividing two clearly distinguishable damage zones: granite cataclasite and welded tuff fault breccia. The measurements show that H 2 gas emissions collected in 2-3 h sampling periods from start of measurement range from 320.3 to 446.2 ppm/min in the granite cataclasite and 60.5 to 137.8 ppm/min in the welded tuff fault breccias. Negligible quantities of H 2 gas could be collected from the fault core. Particle size distribution analyses of fault rocks indicate that the granite cataclasite tends to be rich in particles that are finer, i.e., less cohesive and easy to disaggregate, which leads to the inference that the granite cataclasite has high permeability. Based on the H 2 gas measurements and the particle size distribution analyses, the H 2 gas is considered to have migrated in permeable damage zones mostly by advection with groundwater. Multipoint H 2 gas measurement will be effective in qualitative delineation of variations in permeability of regional structures.

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“…Geochemical monitoring of soil gases has been widely used as a powerful tool for geothermal exploration (Badalamenti et al, 1984(Badalamenti et al, , 1988Bertami et al, 1990;Finlayson, 1992;Chiodini et al, 1998), exploiting oil and gas reserves (Gregory and Durrance, 1985;McCarthy and Reimer, 1986), and other applications such as earthquake prediction (Irwin and Barnes, 1980;King, 1980;Wakita et al, 1980;Sugisaki et al, 1983;Oskarsson, 1984;Satake et al, 1984;Sato et al, 1984;Wakita, 1996;Salazar et al, 2002;Kameda et al, 2003;Giammanco et al, 2006) and volcano surveillance (Sato and McGee, 1982;Badalamenti et al, 1991;Baubron et al, 1991;Barberi and Carapezza, 1994;Valenza, 1994;Giammanco et al, 1995aGiammanco et al, , 1995bGiammanco et al, 1996;Granieri et al, 2009;Federico et al, 2011;Camarda et al, 2012). Gases of deep origin can escape toward the earth's surface along preferential pathways such as fractures and crustal faults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous monitoring of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at Mt Etna

Martino¹,

Camarda²,

Gurrieri³

et al. 2013

Chemical Geology

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This study assessed the use of an H 2 fuel cell as an H 2 -selective sensor for volcano monitoring. The resolution, repeatability, and cross-sensitivity of the sensor were investigated and evaluated under known laboratory conditions. A tailor-made device was developed and used for continuously monitoring H 2 and CO 2 at Mt Etna throughout 2009 and 2010. The temporal variations of both parameters were strongly correlated with the evolution of the volcanic activity during the monitoring period. In particular, the CO 2 flux exhibited long-term variations, while H 2 exhibited pulses immediately before the explosive activity that occurred at Mt Etna during 2010.

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Discharge of H2 from the Atotsugawa and Ushikubi Faults, Japan, and its relation to earthquakes

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Geochemical and Hydrological Observations for Earthquake Prediction in Japan.

Geochemical and Hydrological Observations for Earthquake Prediction in Japan.

Identification of Pathways for Hydrogen Gas Migration in Fault Zones with a Discontinuous, Heterogeneous Permeability Structure and the Relationship to Particle Size Distribution of Fault Materials

Continuous monitoring of hydrogen and carbon dioxide at Mt Etna

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