Discharge behavior of NiO as thermal battery cathode at ultrahigh temperature

Xia, Xinyu; Fu, Licai; Luo, Zeshunji; Zhu, Jiajun; Yang, Wulin; Li, Deyi; Zhou, Lingping

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2021.107185

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Table summarizes the recent research on high specific capacity cathode materials for thermal batteries. Researchers generally improve the effective utilization rate of cathode materials and the conductivity of cathode materials to achieve superior discharge performance. ,,− High thermal stability and thin film battery can improve the effective utilization rate of cathode materials, ,, thus improving the specific capacity. However, doping and coating often lead to the increase of conductivity, − which speeds up the Li + transmission in the battery discharge process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MultiElement-Doped Ni-Based Disulfide Enhances the Specific Capacity of Thermal Batteries by High Thermal Stability

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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With the high theoretical capacity and the ability of large current discharge, NiS2 has been expected as a new cathode material for thermal batteries. However, its lower decomposition temperature (∼500 °C) restricts its application on thermal batteries because of the high operating temperature of thermal batteries (500–600 °C). In this case, Cr, Fe, Co, and Cu multielement-doped NiS2 (NiS2-d) has been successfully prepared by low-temperature solid-phase sintering. Owing to the effect of high entropy, the multielement doping improved the thermodynamic system stability of NiS2, and the decomposition temperature (2NiS2 → 2NiS + S2) increased from 482 to 610 °C. Interestingly, doping also reduces the particle size of NiS2, resulting in defects on the surface of NiS2 particles and improving the conductivity of NiS2.The actual discharge capacity of NiS2 enhanced significantly from 516 to 643 mA h g–1 at 500 °C, with a current density of 100 mA cm–2 and a cut-off voltage of 1.5 V. This is due to a more complete release of the first discharge reaction (NiS2 + 2Li+ + 2e– → NiS + Li2S) as the decomposition temperature rises. The enhancement of conductivity, meanwhile, lessens polarization during the discharge process, raises the voltage of the NiS2 discharge platform, and improves the stability of the NiS2 later discharge platform. Additionally, the smaller particle size enables improved contact between the cathode and the electrolyte interface, allowing electrolyte ions to quickly come into touch with the NiS2 surface. These results show that the discharge performance of NiS2 at high temperatures could be effectively improved by multielement doping. It provides a new method for improving the stability of a metal sulfide and its application at high-temperature discharge.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MultiElement-Doped Ni-Based Disulfide Enhances the Specific Capacity of Thermal Batteries by High Thermal Stability

Zhang

Yao

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Nickel oxide (NiO) is commonly used as a cathode material for thermal batteries as a result of the high theoretical capacity (718 mAh g −1 ), low cost, and environmental friendliness. 35 Xia et al 36 constructed NiO as a cathode material for thermal batteries and studied the electrochemical performance of it. At 500 °C, the specific capacity of it was about 642 mAh g −1 with a large current density of 100 mA cm −2 and a cutoff voltage of 1.0 V, which reached 89.4% of the theoretical value.…”

Section: Copper Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Status and Prospects of Research on Cathode Materials for Lithium-Based Thermal Batteries

Bu,

Wei,

Quan

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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As a result of their short activation time, high power density, and long storage life, thermal batteries have been widely used in various military applications. Important thermal battery characteristics, such as operation voltage, specific capacity, and power density, are determined by the properties of the electrode materials, especially the cathode materials. Therefore, one of the major challenges in advancing thermal batteries is the seeking of desirable cathode materials. Generally, cathodes used in thermal batteries are broadly classified into three main categories: metal oxides, metal sulfides, and metal halides. This review will introduce the current synthetic preparation methods, electrochemical performance, and working mechanisms of thermal battery cathode materials at home and abroad. For the metal oxide part, vanadium oxide, copper oxide, and some other metal oxide materials will be reviewed. Metal sulfides for thermal batteries discussed include iron sulfide, cobalt sulfide, nickel sulfide, and some other novel metal sulfide materials. Metal halides, especially fluorides and chlorides, will also be intensively discussed. We hope that this review will provide clear strategies and prospectives for future experimental studies and insight for theoretical studies on the development of thermal battery cathode materials.

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“…It is a face-centered cubic FCC arrangement of oxide ions (O 2− ), but nickel ions (Ni 2+ ) occupy both the octahedral and the tetrahedral sites. The lattice parameter of pure NiO at room temperature is 4.175 Å. Nano particles of nickel oxide (NiO) play a major role in myriad fields such as in: molecular biology and biotechnology [ 1 ], catalysis [ 2 ], battery cathodes [ 3 , 4 ], gas sensors [ 5 ], electrochromic films [ 6 ] and magnetic materials [ 7 , 8 ]. In addition, NiO x is also used in reactions of hydrogenation of nitriles and the hydrochlorination of aromatic compounds [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lattice variation as a function of concentration and grain size in MgO–NiO solid solution system

Barad,

Kimmel,

Opalińska

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Discharge behavior of NiO as thermal battery cathode at ultrahigh temperature

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

MultiElement-Doped Ni-Based Disulfide Enhances the Specific Capacity of Thermal Batteries by High Thermal Stability

MultiElement-Doped Ni-Based Disulfide Enhances the Specific Capacity of Thermal Batteries by High Thermal Stability

Current Status and Prospects of Research on Cathode Materials for Lithium-Based Thermal Batteries

Lattice variation as a function of concentration and grain size in MgO–NiO solid solution system

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