“…In this study, we focus on how to describe the com mon feature between multi-spectral images taken from the same scene, with the purpose of accurate matching, which is highly desirable in some applications, such as multi-spectral image fusion [14]. As to the wide-baseline situation [15], more schemes (e.g., topological clustering [15], global and local transformation consistency [16]) are needed and we will not go further with this situation in this study. SIFT key points are described by using the HCGEC, which is similar with histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) [17].…”