“…Not much is known about the motivations of non-voters, but research does show that abstention from electoral participation does not unequivocally imply complete disengagement (e.g. Doppelt & Shearer, 1999;Wuthnow, 2002;Shyrane, Fieldhouse, & Pickles, 2006;Bennettt, Cordner, Klein, Savell, & Baiocchi, 2013;Hooghe & Marien, 2013). People can perform meaningful political activities via other means too, as will become clear below.…”