Disasters in Germany and France: An Analysis of the Emergency Events Database From a Pediatric Perspective

Ries, Markus; Zielonka, Matthias; Ries, Noah; Breil, Thomas; Garbade, Sven F.; Mechler, Konstantin

doi:10.1017/dmp.2019.24

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…This confirms and extends a previous analysis of data from Germany and France to a pan-European level. 5 The present data suggest that heat waves are a serious European public health threat. For the five deadliest years for heat waves in Europe, i.e., 1987Europe, i.e., , 2003Europe, i.e., , 2006Europe, i.e., , 2010, and 2015, a total of 136,049 casualties were reported in EM-DAT ( Figure 1 & 4, Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…62 Unfortunately, population data in EM-DAT are not stratified by age, which would allow a more targeted approach towards disaster epidemiology. 5 Pediatric populations particular vulnerable to heat include children under five years, adolescents working outside (e.g. in a professional apprenticeship), individuals with chronic health conditions, obese individuals, migrants and refugees, and children of illiterate or non-native language speaking families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to detect meaningful biological and epidemiological differences between vulnerabilities towards heat and cold, 1) number of disaster events, 2) number of casualties, and 3) numbers of persons affected were compared between a) heat waves and b) cold waves and severe winter conditions, similar to the analysis conducted for Germany and France before. 5 The analysis of EM-DAT data was conducted with GraphPad PRISM 5.04 (La Jolla, CA, USA), and R (http://www.r-project.org). The European map was plotted using the R extension "ggmap".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously outlined, the analysis of EM-DAT has some important limitations which have to be taken into account for the appropriate interpretation of the present findings. 5 First, the analysis relies on the accuracy of the reported data. Second, retrospective data, i.e.…”

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to a previous epidemiological study of disasters in Germany and France, 5 Figure 1 was created with the application SnapPlanet (https://snapplanet.io/) using European Space Agency Sentinel-2 satellite imagery.…”

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-related disasters in Europe – a cross-sectional analysis of the emergency events database from a pediatric perspective

Brennenstuhl

Will

Ries

et al. 2019

Preprint

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This study investigates patterns of extreme temperature-related events in Europe and its significance for the public health, with a focus on the vulnerable pediatric population. A generalized additive model of average surface temperature development for the European countries is described and discussed with an in-depth analysis of the influence of temperature on evolutional and behavioral aspects. Methods: Extreme temperature related events are recorded in the publicly available epidemiological database of Emergency Events (EM-DAT). A comparative and descriptive statistical analysis of this data was conducted with a focus on (prospective) records from 1988 onwards. Average surface temperature data was provided by the World Bank's Climate Change Knowledge Portal. The criteria for strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) were respected. Results: Within EM-DAT, extreme temperature-related disasters in Europe were categorized as either heat waves, drought, forest or land fires, or cold waves and severe winter conditions, accordingly. The most frequent type of event recorded were cold waves (36.2%). However, cold waves and severe winter conditions only accounted for about 6,460 casualties (4.4%), while heat waves were responsible for a total of 137,533 casualties (95.1%). During the prospective observational period of the EM-DAT database, heat waves in 2003, 2006, 2010, and 2015, claimed a total of 119,760 casualties. These most severe heatwaves were geographically distributed over Russia (2010), as well as France, Italy, Spain, and Germany, each in 2003. Accordingly, analysis of temperature data revealed an increasing average surface temperature for all assessed European countries, correlating with in an increasing frequency of extreme temperature-related events. Conclusion: This study shows that according to EM-DAT data extreme temperatures are an increasingly important public health threat to the European population as the average European surface temperatures are rising. Although cold waves are more frequently reported in EM-DAT, heat waves are the major cause for temperature-related casualties. Therefore, we conclude that evolutional and cultural resilience against cold and drought is significantly higher than it is against heat. Our results project that the frequency, duration and intensity of heat waves will further increase due to current climatic changes and become a more prevalent problem for future generations. Hence, we propose an emergency plan to inform the public and authorities about measurements to be taken in such extreme heat conditions to overcome the prevailing lack of information available to the public.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitations and Directions For Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Data Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature-related disasters in Europe – a cross-sectional analysis of the emergency events database from a pediatric perspective

Brennenstuhl

Will

Ries

et al. 2019

Preprint

Self Cite

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Review of the requirements for effective mass casualty preparedness for trauma systems. A disaster waiting to happen?

Gabbe¹,

Veitch²,

Mather³

et al. 2022

British Journal of Anaesthesia

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Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) are diverse, unpredictable, and increasing in frequency, but preparation is possible and necessary. The nature of MCIs requires a trauma response but also requires effective and tested disaster preparedness planning. From an international perspective, the aims of this narrative review are to describe the key components necessary for optimisation of trauma system preparedness for MCIs, whether trauma systems and centres meet these components and areas for improvement of trauma system response. Many of the principles necessary for response to MCIs are embedded in trauma system design and trauma centre function. These include robust communication networks, established triage systems, and capacity to secure centres from threats to safety and quality of care. However, evidence from the current literature indicates the need to strengthen trauma system preparedness for MCIs through greater trauma leader representation at all levels of disaster preparedness planning, enhanced training of staff and simulated disaster training, expanded surge capacity planning, improved staff management and support during the MCI and in the post-disaster recovery phase, clear provision for the treatment of paediatric patients in disaster plans, and diversified and pre-agreed systems for essential supplies and services continuity. Mass casualty preparedness is a complex, iterative process that requires an integrated, multidisciplinary, and tiered approach. Through effective preparedness planning, trauma systems should be well-placed to deliver an optimal response when faced with MCIs.

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Advantages of Iran Loss and Damage Disaster Database Compared With Regional and Global Databases

Motlagh,

Farrokhi,

Ahmadi-Mazhin

et al. 2023

Disaster med. public health prep.

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Disasters in Germany and France: An Analysis of the Emergency Events Database From a Pediatric Perspective

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Temperature-related disasters in Europe – a cross-sectional analysis of the emergency events database from a pediatric perspective

Temperature-related disasters in Europe – a cross-sectional analysis of the emergency events database from a pediatric perspective

Review of the requirements for effective mass casualty preparedness for trauma systems. A disaster waiting to happen?

Advantages of Iran Loss and Damage Disaster Database Compared With Regional and Global Databases

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