Disassembly of the cystovirus ϕ6 envelope by montmorillonite clay

Block, K. A.; Trusiak, Adrianna; Katz, A.; Gottlieb, Paul; Alimova, Alexandra; Wei, Hui; Morales, Jorge; Rice, William J.; Steiner, J. C.

doi:10.1002/mbo3.148

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The viable virus population in the control was 3.5 × 10 11 , in good agreement with our estimates from turbidity (which includes non-infectious virions). φ6 in the montmorillonite aggregates displayed a significant decrease in infectivity for both virions in the aggregates (14% viable) and planktonic cells (35% viable), which is consistent with results from our previous work (Block et al, 2014). In the φ6-kaolinite and φ6-illite aggregates, the virions in the pellets, i.e.…”

Section: Sds-page and Virus Viabilitysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Prior work (Block et al, 2014) has demonstrated that φ6 does not aggregate in buffer A at neutral pH, therefore K vv = 0 (Eq. (6)).…”

Section: Isolated φ6 and Sediment Turbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exact calculations of the heteroaggregation rates from turbidity require knowledge of the scattering cross-sections of both singlets and the doublet (Liu et al, 2007;Yu and Borkovec, 2002). The precise shape of the virus-clay platelet doublet is not well known though there is evidence that virusclay platelet doublets occur as both edge-attached and face-attached (Block et al, 2014). Although imprecise knowledge of doublet shape complicates calculations of heteroaggregation rates, analysis of the turbidity slope coupled with particle concentrations allows one to determine relative aggregation rates between φ6 and the four sediment types, elucidating the nature of the interaction.…”

Section: Heteroaggregate Turbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mineralogy and size of suspended sediments affects the extent to which viruses will aggregate and sorb to sediments (Chu et al, 2000;Jin and Flury, 2002;McGechan and Lewis, 2002;Syngouna and Chrysikopoulos, 2015). With a few recent exceptions, enveloped viruses (Block et al, 2016;Block et al, 2014), have been largely omitted from studies of virus-sediment interaction, aggregation, and viability. Enveloped viruses possess different structural properties from nonenveloped viruses and include important plant and animal pathogens such as herpesvirus, coronavirus and Influenza A and B, all of which are found in natural and wastewaters (Batik et al, 1980;Gundy et al, 2008;Rosenberg et al, 1980;Sharp et al, 1975;Stallknecht et al, 1990a;Stallknecht et al, 1990b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diameter of φ6 is~80 nm. The φ6 virus carries negative charge at neutral pH (Block et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Katz

Peña

Alimova

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

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Four sediments in the colloidal size range: goethite, montmorillonite, illite, and kaolinite, were suspended with the bacteriophage φ6, a model enveloped virus, to determine relative rates of heteroaggregation and the effect of aggregation on virus viability. Turbidity was measured on combinations of virus and each sediment type at low concentration to determine aggregation rates. Aggregation of sediment with virus occurred regardless of mineral type, and larger fraction of virus is expected to aggregate with increasing sediment concentration leading to higher deposition rates. The negatively charged sediments, aggregated with φ6 (also negatively charged at neutral pH) at a faster rate than the positively charged sediments, yielding turbidity slopes of 4.94 × 10 s and 7.50 × 10 s for φ6-montmorillonite and φ6-illite aggregates, respectively, and 2.98 × 10 s and 2.84 × 10 s, for φ6-goethite and φ6-kaolinite, respectively. This indicates that the interaction between sediments and virus is hydrophobic, rather than electrostatic. Large numbers of virions remained viable post-aggregation, despite the fragility of the viral envelope, indicating that small-sized aggregates, which may travel more readily through porous media, may pose an infection risk. The fraction of φ6 that remained viable varied with sediment type, with montmorillonite-φ6 aggregates experiencing the greatest reduction in infectivity at 35%. TEM analyses reveal that in all sediment-φ6 combinations, infectivity loss was likely due to disassembly of the viral envelope as a result of aggregation.

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Section: Sds-page and Virus Viabilitysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Prior work (Block et al, 2014) has demonstrated that φ6 does not aggregate in buffer A at neutral pH, therefore K vv = 0 (Eq. (6)).…”

Section: Isolated φ6 and Sediment Turbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Heteroaggregate Turbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diameter of φ6 is~80 nm. The φ6 virus carries negative charge at neutral pH (Block et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Katz

Peña

Alimova

et al. 2018

Science of The Total Environment

Self Cite

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Montmorillonite-mediated aggregation induces deformation of influenza virus particles

Block

Katz

Alimova

et al. 2016

Applied Clay Science

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Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation in purification of an enveloped bacteriophage ϕ6

Lampi

Oksanen

Meier

et al. 2018

Journal of Chromatography B

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Basic and applied virus research requires specimens that are purified to high homogeneity. Thus, there is much interest in the efficient production and purification of viruses and their subassemblies. Advances in the production steps have shifted the bottle neck of the process to the purification. Nonetheless, the development of purification techniques for different viruses is challenging due to the complex biological nature of the infected cell cultures as well as the biophysical and -chemical differences in the virus particles. We used bacteriophage ϕ6 as a model virus in our attempts to provide a new purification method for enveloped viruses. We compared asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4)-based virus purification method to the well-established ultracentrifugation-based purification of ϕ6. In addition, binding of ϕ6 virions to monolithic anion exchange columns was tested to evaluate their applicability in concentrating the AF4 purified specimens. Our results show that AF4 enables one-hour purification of infectious enveloped viruses with specific infectivity of ~1 × 10 PFU/mg of protein and ~65-95% yields. Obtained purity was comparable with that obtained using ultracentrifugation, but the yields from AF4 purification were 2-3-fold higher. Importantly, high quality virus preparations could be obtained directly from crude cell lysates. Furthermore, when used in combination with in-line light scattering detectors, AF4 purification could be coupled to simultaneous quality control of obtained virus specimen.

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Disassembly of the cystovirus ϕ6 envelope by montmorillonite clay

Cited by 15 publications

References 42 publications

Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Heteroaggregation of an enveloped bacteriophage with colloidal sediments and effect on virus viability

Montmorillonite-mediated aggregation induces deformation of influenza virus particles

Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation in purification of an enveloped bacteriophage ϕ6

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