Disappearance and dispersal of Spermophilus elegans juveniles in relation to behavior

Pfeifer, Sharon

doi:10.1007/bf00302812

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As in most other Spermophilus (Dobson, 1984;Michener, 1989a;Michener and Locklear, 1990a;Pfeifer, 1982;Schmutz et al, 1979;Sherman and Morton, 1984), the sex ratio among juveniles did not differ from 1:1, but the sex ratio among S. citellus -1 year old was skewed toward females (Table 1). With the exception of their first summer of life, male losses exceeded female losses significantly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Nonreproductive females had small, unpigmented teats throughout the season. Censusing was done by scanning the site at irregular intervals each day, and supplementing daily scans with all additional sightings not recorded during scans (Pfeifer, 1982). Checklists of active individuals in the population were maintained daily after snowmelt until the last individual had emerged from hibernation in 1991-1995 and from the beginning of July until the last individual had disappeared in 1991-1994.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sex and Age Differences in Mass, Morphology, and Annual Cycle in European Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus citellus

Millesi

Strijkstra

Hoffmann

et al. 1999

Journal of Mammalogy

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and Age Differences in Mass, Morphology, and Annual Cycle in European Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus citellus

Millesi

Strijkstra

Hoffmann

et al. 1999

Journal of Mammalogy

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“…The impact of predation and cause of death are often assumed or inferred (Rongstad, 1965;McCarley, 1966;Michener, 1979;Pfeifer, 1982;Arenz and Leger, 2000;Hoffmann et al, 2003;Martin and Heske, 2005) and dispersal is often credited as a significant cause of mortality in immature male mammals (Metzgar, 1967;Schmutz et al, 1979;Larsen and Boutin, 1994;Byrom and Krebs, 1999;Hoffmann et al, 2004;Johnson et al, 2009). Prior studies of thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Rongstad, 1965;McCarley, 1966) have been cited as evidence that juvenile males disperse farther than females (e.g., Greenwood, 1980;Dobson, 1982;Holekamp, 1984;Vestal and McCarley, 1984).…”

Section: Juvenile Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 96%

Disappearance and Mortality Causes in Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) Juveniles

Freeman

Bachman²

2016

The American Midland Naturalist

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“…'the sex that moves': Bateson 1983), among most birds and small mammals this difference is statistical --e.g. Greenwood et al (1979) report the median natal dispersal distance for female great tits as 879 m, versus 558 m for males; the juvenile male ground squirrels (Spermophilus elegans) studied by Pfeifer (1982) moved an average of 90 m, versus 77 m for females. It is important to note that in many of these species, the range of dispersal distances is nearly equal for the two sexes (see Fig.…”

Section: Inter-group Transfer Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are dispersal and inbreeding avoidance related?

1984

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Abstract. Sex differences in dispersal and inter-group transfer by birds and mammals are often considered to be evolved responses to the phenomenon of inbreeding depression. This belief is derived from 'natural selection logic', which holds that (1) because inbreeding depression is demonstrably costly, selection must have acted to minimize its occurrence, and (2) as sex differences in dispersal often appear to be the only thing preventing inbreeding, these sex differences must be the expected adaptations for avoiding inbreeding depression. However, although the sex differences in median dispersal distance observed among many small mammals and birds may reduce average levels of inbreeding within a population, they nevertheless leave the majority of individuals 'at risk' for inbreeding; such differences can be responses to inbreeding depression only in a group selection model. Furthermore, natal dispersal by both sexes occurs in many group-living species. In these species, emigration by individuals of one sex cannot easily be attributed to avoiding inbreeding because opposite-sex relatives also emigrate. Though most authors acknowledge that sexual dispersal patterns may be epiphenomenal consequences of other factors (e.g. intrasexual aggression), this point is rarely considered further. In this paper we critically review several frequently cited examples of differential dispersal, and conclude that 'other factors', such as intrasexual competition and territory choice, explain these observations more completely and consistently than does the inbreeding avoidance hypothesis. Observed dispersal patterns simply reflect sex differences in the balance between the advantages of philopatry and the costs of intrasexual competition.

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Disappearance and dispersal of Spermophilus elegans juveniles in relation to behavior

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Sex and Age Differences in Mass, Morphology, and Annual Cycle in European Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus citellus

Sex and Age Differences in Mass, Morphology, and Annual Cycle in European Ground Squirrels, Spermophilus citellus

Disappearance and Mortality Causes in Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel (Ictidomys tridecemlineatus) Juveniles

Are dispersal and inbreeding avoidance related?

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