Disability pensions related to heavy physical workload: a cohort study of middle-aged and older workers in Sweden

Falkstedt, Daniel; Hemmingsson, Tomas; Albin, María; Bodin, Theo; Ahlbom, Anders; Selander, Jenny; Gustavsson, Peter; Andersson, Tomas; Almroth, Melody; Kjellberg, Katarina

doi:10.1007/s00420-021-01697-9

Cited by 22 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Strenuous physical work has been associated with poorer musculoskeletal health (5) and exit from the labor market, often through DP (6)(7)(8)(9). This study showed that a change to an occupation with lower physical workload was associated with a reduced risk of DP.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…Workers aged ≥50 years in physically demanding jobs have reported that the imbalance between their physical capacity and job tasks is a factor pushing them out of working life (4). Strenuous physical work such as awkward postures, overall heavy physical workload or heavy lifting has been associated with musculoskeletal disorders (5) and exit from the labor market, often through disability pension (DP) (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Does a change to an occupation with a lower physical workload reduce the risk of disability pension? A cohort study of employed men and women in Sweden

Badarin¹,

Hemmingsson²,

Almroth³

et al. 2022

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Objective This study aimed to examine if a change to an occupation with a lower physical workload reduces the risk of all-cause disability pension (DP) and musculoskeletal DP (MDP). MethodsThis study used a sample of 359 453 workers who were registered as living in Sweden in 2005 and aged 44-63 in 2010. Exposure to physical workload was measured from 2005-2010 by linking a mean value from a job exposure matrix to occupational codes. The mean values were then split into quartiles. All included participants had high exposure to physical workload (top quartile) from 2005-2007. A change in physical workload was measured as a change to (i) any lower quartile or (ii) medium-high or low quartiles from 2008-2010. DP cases were taken from register data from 2011-2016. Crude and multivariate Cox proportional-hazards regression models estimated sex-specific hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). ResultsCompared to workers with consistently high physical workload, a change to any lower quartile of physical workload was associated with a decreased risk of all-cause DP (men: HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.77, women: HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.52-0.76) and MDP (men: HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.31-0.89, women: HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.44-0.84). Older workers had the largest decreased risk for MDP. Generally, changing from high to low physical workload was associated with a greater reduced risk of DP than changing from high to medium-high physical workload. ConclusionChanging to an occupation with lower exposure to physical workload was associated with reduced risks of DP and MDP among both sexes.

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Section: Interpretation Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 59%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Does a change to an occupation with a lower physical workload reduce the risk of disability pension? A cohort study of employed men and women in Sweden

Badarin¹,

Hemmingsson²,

Almroth³

et al. 2022

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Parents SEP † Unskilled 97 608 (33) 92 990 (31) 74 311 (26) 76 304 (25) 54 153 (18) 99 202 (32) 88 136 (31) 73 198 (24) 77 306 (26) 57 524 (20) skilled 60 252 (20) 69 851 (23) 65 592 (23) 66 150 (22) 48 122 (16) 71 468 (23) 73 405 (26) 61 001 (20) 55 910 (19) 48 106 285 (33) 105 466 (31) 91 203 (30) 107 528 (35) 93 709 (32) 102 407 (33) 98 041 (31) 107 570 (35) 92 831 (30) 41-50 101 130 (39) 128 418 (40) 130 433 (39) 117 455 (38) 117 121 (38) 115 156 (39) 114 133 (37) 129 347 (41) 117 189 (39) 118 732 (39) 51-60 73 970 (29) 88 581 (27) 99 200 (30) 97 199 (32) 81 256 (27) 86 909 (29) 91 864 (30) 86 782 (28) 79 403 (26) 95 248 (39) Born outside Sweden…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Job control, job demands and job strain and suicidal behaviour among three million workers in Sweden

et al. 2022

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ObjectiveTo investigate the association between job control, job demands and their combination (job strain) and suicide attempts and deaths among male and female workers in Sweden.MethodsJob control and demands were measured separately for men and women using a job exposure matrix, which was linked to around three million individuals based on their occupational title in 2005. Suicide attempts and deaths were measured in the hospital and cause of death registers from 2006 to 2016. HRs were estimated using discrete proportional hazards models with annually updated age as the time axis. Models were adjusted for sociodemographic, family, health, labour market and childhood factors, as well as the time-varying effects of unemployment, sick leave and family factors during follow-up.ResultsLow job control was associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts and deaths among both men and women while high job demands tended to be associated with a decreased risk. The combination of job control and job demands (job strain) reflected the increased risk of low control jobs and the decreased risk of high demand jobs. Associations were attenuated but still present after adjustments.ConclusionsLow job control is related to suicide attempts and deaths, and this is only partially explained by important covariates measured both prebaseline and during follow-up. Attempts to increase job control among workers may be beneficial in preventing suicide.

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“…This study is based on the Swedish Work, Illness, and labour-market Participation (SWIP) cohort which includes all individuals between the ages of 16 and 65 who were registered in Sweden during the baseline year 2005 (around 5.4 million). 18 , 19 Data are linked from several different Swedish administrative and medical registers including the Swedish total population register, the Longitudinal Integrated Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies register (LISA), the Swedish National Patient Register, as well as information from earlier population censuses. These registers have been commended for their accuracy and completeness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial workplace factors and alcohol-related morbidity: a prospective study of 3 million Swedish workers

Almroth

Hemmingsson

Wallin

et al. 2022

European Journal of Public Health

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Background Psychosocial workplace factors may be associated with alcohol-related morbidity, but previous studies have had limited opportunities to take non-occupational explanatory factors into account. The aim of this study is to investigate associations between job control, job demands and their combination (job strain) and diagnosed alcohol-related morbidity while accounting for several potentially confounding factors measured across the life-course, including education. Methods Job control, job demands and job strain were measured using the Swedish job exposure matrix measuring psychosocial workload on the occupational level linked to over 3 million individuals based on their occupational titles in 2005 and followed up until 2016. Cox regression models were built to estimate associations with alcohol-related diagnoses recorded in patient registers. Results Low job control was associated with an increased risk of alcohol-related morbidity, while high job demands tended to be associated with a decreased risk. Passive and high-strain jobs among men and passive jobs among women were also associated with an increased risk of alcohol diagnoses. However, all associations were found to be weakened in models adjusted for other factors measured prospectively over the life-course, especially in models that included level of education. Conclusion The associations between low job control and high job demands, and the risk of alcohol-related morbidity reflect underlying socioeconomic differences to some extent. Lower job control, however, remained associated with a higher risk of alcohol-related morbidity.

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Disability pensions related to heavy physical workload: a cohort study of middle-aged and older workers in Sweden

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Does a change to an occupation with a lower physical workload reduce the risk of disability pension? A cohort study of employed men and women in Sweden

Does a change to an occupation with a lower physical workload reduce the risk of disability pension? A cohort study of employed men and women in Sweden

Job control, job demands and job strain and suicidal behaviour among three million workers in Sweden

Psychosocial workplace factors and alcohol-related morbidity: a prospective study of 3 million Swedish workers

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