The nature of silence is discussed as an imposition of mind, as an interdependent signification ground for speech signs, as a relationship to mental time (as opposed to artificial time), and as it relates to sensation, perception and metaphorical movement. Three major forms of silence are defined: Psycholinguistic Silence, of which there are two subtypes, designated Fasttime silence and Slow-time silence; Interactive Silence; and Sociocultural Silence. The three major forms are then briefly described as they relate to some important human communication functions. In the absence of empirical evidence, a number of hypotheses are offered.
THE GENERAL NATURE AND FORhf OF SILENCESilence does not exist in the physical absolute-notions to the contrary are mythical. John Cage said it simply: "there is no such thing as absolute silence, something is always happening that makes a sound." [9] Silence, then, appears to be both a concept and an actual process of mind. Only man appears to have the ability to achieve silence; animals must tolerate sounds when awake. Silence appcars to be a concept and process of mind which is imposed by each mind on itself and on the minds of others. This imposition appears to be sometimes an automatic, signalie functioning and, sometimes, a willed, mediated, symbolic imposition for the purpose of comparing mind with information input. This imposition appears necessary to mind, speech, and, especially, sanity. Man's mental imposition of silence upon his own mind appears to be a variable function-there appear to be degrees of intensity, duration, and frequency of silence, as well as levels of communicative functioning associated with imposed silence. Absolute silence, then, is impossible: even when not speaking aloud, man carries on a continuous interior monologue Thomas J. Bruneau ( M.S., University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 1968) is a doctoral candidate in Speech at the Pennsylvania State University.