Dirty bomb source term characterization and downwind dispersion: Review of experimental evidence

Brambilla, Sara; Nelson, Matthew A.; Brown, Michael J.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107166

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Brambilla et al . recently compiled a comprehensive list of radionuclides that are more likely to be present in a dirty bomb, representing a diverse array of potential threats [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Enhancing radioprotection: A chitosan-based chelating polymer is a versatile radioprotective agent for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against radionuclide contamination

Durand,

Borisova,

Lux

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To mitigate the risk of radioactive isotope dissemination, the development of preventative and curative measures is of particular interest. For mass treatment, the developed solution must be easily administered, preferably orally, with effective, nontoxic decorporating properties against a wide range of radioactive isotopes. Currently, most orally administered chelation therapy products are quickly absorbed into the blood circulation, where chelation of the radioactive isotope is a race against time due to the short circulation half-life of the therapeutic. This report presents an alternative therapeutic approach by using a functionalized chitosan (chitosan@DOTAGA) with chelating properties that remains within the gastrointestinal tract and is eliminated in feces, that can protect against ingested radioactive isotopes. The polymer shows important in vitro chelation properties towards different metallic cations of importance, including (Cs(I), Ir(III), Th(IV), Tl(I), Sr(II), U(VI) and Co(II)), at different pH (from 1 to 7) representing the different environments in the gastrointestinal tract. An in vivo proof of concept is presented on a rodent model of uranium contamination following an oral administration of Chitosan@DOTAGA. The polymer partially prevents the accumulation of uranium within the kidneys (providing a protective effect) and completely prevents its uptake by the spleen.

show abstract

“…Brambilla et al . recently compiled a comprehensive list of radionuclides that are more likely to be present in a dirty bomb, representing a diverse array of potential threats [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the development of a decorporating agent capable of effectively mitigating the effects of a wide range of isotopes is critical. Brambilla et al recently compiled a comprehensive list of radionuclides that are more likely to be present in a dirty bomb, representing a diverse array of potential threats [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing radioprotection: A chitosan-based chelating polymer is a versatile radioprotective agent for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against radionuclide contamination

Durand,

Borisova,

Lux

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Review of particle deposition to and removal from clothing, skin, and hair after a radioactive airborne dispersal event

Brambilla,

Nelson,

Brown

2023

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cell Therapies for Acute Radiation Syndrome

Christy,

Herzig,

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The risks of severe ionizing radiation exposure are increasing due to the involvement of nuclear powers in combat operations, the increasing use of nuclear power, and the existence of terrorist threats. Exposure to a whole-body radiation dose above about 0.7 Gy results in H-ARS (hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome), which is characterized by damage to the hematopoietic system; higher doses result in further damage to the gastrointestinal and nervous systems. Only a few medical countermeasures for ARS are currently available and approved for use, although others are in development. Cell therapies (cells or products produced by cells) are complex therapeutics that show promise for the treatment of radiation injury and have been shown to reduce mortality and morbidity in animal models. Since clinical trials for ARS cannot be ethically conducted, animal testing is extremely important. Here, we describe cell therapies that have been tested in animal models. Both cells and cell products appear to promote survival and lessen tissue damage after whole-body irradiation, although the mechanisms are not clear. Because radiation exposure often occurs in conjunction with other traumatic injuries, animal models of combined injury involving radiation and future countermeasure testing for these complex medical problems are also discussed.

show abstract

Dirty bomb source term characterization and downwind dispersion: Review of experimental evidence

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Enhancing radioprotection: A chitosan-based chelating polymer is a versatile radioprotective agent for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against radionuclide contamination

Enhancing radioprotection: A chitosan-based chelating polymer is a versatile radioprotective agent for prophylactic and therapeutic interventions against radionuclide contamination

Review of particle deposition to and removal from clothing, skin, and hair after a radioactive airborne dispersal event

Cell Therapies for Acute Radiation Syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About