Directives: Entitlement and contingency in action

Craven, Alexandra; Potter, Jonathan

doi:10.1177/1461445610370126

Cited by 278 publications

(220 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It means that adults have applied a downgraded solution for managing offences, from "apology", which is a typical tool for solving offences, to "greeting", which is a typical tool for expressing the respect of kids to adults. This point does not correspond with what Craven & Potter (2010) and Kent (2012) found in their works. Accordingly, non-compliance with directives leads to an upgraded repeat for one, but not a downgraded request like in those cases.…”

Section: Instructing Children To Use Remedial Actionscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Management of children’s offences in Vietnamese contexts: an analysis of children’s social competence

Nguyen¹

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Section: Instructing Children To Use Remedial Actionscontrasting

confidence: 90%

Management of children’s offences in Vietnamese contexts: an analysis of children’s social competence

Nguyen¹

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“…He thus strongly evokes a right to advise the patient (cf. Heritage & Sefi, 1992), a high entitlement to direct the other patient and little orientation to the contingencies on which compliance with the pronouncement may rest (Craven & Potter, 2010 p. 426). While selective inclusion of plural pronouns, (1), (4), can imply greater or lesser extents of clinician–patient ‘partnership’, the abilities or desires of the patient, at least in the action formulation itself, are precluded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Psychiatrists Recommend Treatment and Its Relationship with Patient Uptake

Thompson

2017

Health Communication

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Consultations for patients with chronic mental health conditions are conceived as meetings of experts: medical and experiential, respectively. Treatment decisions, in these terms, become a joint responsibility rather than handed down ex-cathedra. One resource for constituting decisions as ‘shared’ is the treatment recommendation – decisional authority can be invoked through its design. There is concern that people diagnosed with schizophrenia are infrequently involved in treatment decisions. However, the methods psychiatrists actually employ remain undefined. This article advances our understanding of psychiatric practice by mapping alternative methods used by psychiatrists to recommend treatment in outpatient consultations in situ. First, we unpack the types of treatments psychiatrists recommend. Then, we ask how psychiatrists recommend treatment? Applying a novel coding taxonomy, informed by the conversation analytic principle that recommendations represent different social actions, we identify the distribution of alternative formulations for psychiatrists’ recommendations (pronouncements, suggestions, proposals, and offers). We also propose one linguistic dimension, personal pronouns, on which recommending actions often depend, implicative for who is projected as ‘accountable’ for the decision. Finally, we examine the relationship between action type and patient uptake: is a particular type of recommendation more likely to attract acceptance/resistance from patients? And how does this relate to decisional accountability?

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“…directives (Craven & Potter, 2010;Antaki & Kent, 2012;Kent 2012) strongly suggested that negotiations were much more one-sided. And the research that we report in this article reveals that or-formatted directives are a vehicle for a particularly loaded way of issuing warnings and threats -while appearing to be sensitive to the child's freedom of choice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Work on entitlement and contingency has subsequently been profitably extended, and since our interest is in adults' deontic authority over children, the direction that most concerns us is the work on imperatives during family mealtime conversations initiated by Craven & Potter (2010). Their focus on imperative formulations more starkly revealed participants' orientations to the management of deontic asymmetries.…”

Section: Requests Directives and Alternativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Curl and Drew identified two factors with which one could mark one's request: the degree of entitlement one had in making it, and the degree to which one acknowledged the contingencies that the recipient might face in carrying it out. Thus, they reported, a call for medical help could assert the caller's right to receive attention at home, irrespective of the inconvenience to the doctor; or, conversely, could be put tentatively to indicate uncertain entitlement and an acknowledgement of the imposition made.Work on entitlement and contingency has subsequently been profitably extended, and since our interest is in adults' deontic authority over children, the direction that most concerns us is the work on imperatives during family mealtime conversations initiated by Craven & Potter (2010). Their focus on imperative formulations more starkly revealed participants' orientations to the management of deontic asymmetries.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Offering alternatives as a way of issuing directives to children: Putting the worse option last

Antaki

Kent

2015

Journal of Pragmatics

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In a corpus of c. 250 hours of recorded interactions between young children and adults in USA and UK households, we found that children could be directed to change their course of action by three syntactic formats that offered alternatives: an imperative, or a modal declarative, plus a consequential alternative to non-compliance (e.g. come down at once or I shall send you straight to bed; you've got to stand here with it or it goes back in the cupboard), or an interrogative requiring a preference (e.g. do you want to put them neatly in the corner for mummy please or do you wanna go to bed). Formatted syntactically as or-alternatives, these can perform the actions both of warning and threatening. But they make a 'bad' course of action contiguous to the child's turn. We argue that adults choose this format because the interactional preference for contiguity makes the negative alternative the more salient one. This implies that adults attribute to children the ability to appreciate the flouting of preference organisation for deontic effect.Offering alternatives as a way of issuing directives to children: putting the worse option last REVISION 3 January 2015Length = 8108 words Charles Antaki (1) and Alexandra Kent (2) ( course of action contiguous to the child's turn. We argue that adults choose this format because the interactional preference for contiguity makes the negative alternative the more salient one. This implies that adults attribute to children the ability to appreciate the flouting of preference organisation for deontic effect. As Stevanovic and Svennevig (this volume) say, this Special Issue adds to the body of research by reporting new work on the epistemic and deontic subtleties of the ways in which directives can be issued. In this article we explore how adults use an utterance the syntactic form of which offers children alternative courses of action to choose between; but which, on inspection of their deployment, can be seen to perform a less neutral action.To prefigure the data that we shall analyse, examples of the three types of directives that we found in our survey of various data sources are: you've got to stand here with it or it goes back in the cupboard; come down at once or I shall send you straight to bed; and do you want to put them neatly in the corner for mummy please or do you wanna go to bed. These directives use different syntactic formats, but the common thread among them is the action that the adult is performing: issuing an utterance that confronts the child with two exclusive courses of action. One of these courses is favoured; the other, not. The effect of the utterance is to issue a recommendation at best, or a threat at worst; but in any case, it is a directive, claiming some form of deontic authority, in the terminology suggested by Stevanovic (2012), and Stevanovic and Peräkylä (2012). As we shall see, there is a puzzle about how the adults set out the alternatives in one of those formats, and solving it that will be the focus of our analysis. 4 Requests, dir...

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Directives: Entitlement and contingency in action

Cited by 278 publications

References 25 publications

Management of children’s offences in Vietnamese contexts: an analysis of children’s social competence

Management of children’s offences in Vietnamese contexts: an analysis of children’s social competence

How Psychiatrists Recommend Treatment and Its Relationship with Patient Uptake

Offering alternatives as a way of issuing directives to children: Putting the worse option last

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