Directions for the Rational Use of Additional Organic and Mineral Resources of Peat Deposits

Abstract

The article discusses the issues of insufficient use of organic and mineral resources of peat deposits (substandard peat, mineralised sapropel, wood inclusions of peat deposit, organomineral deposits, etc.). The authors propose a structural scheme of directions of processing and use of organic and organomineral biogenic resources. It includes obtaining various types of composite formed materials for their application in four main directions: energy, agricultural production, environmental protection, and construction industry. Mineral clay components improve the ability of composite materials to be shaped by extrusion and pelletising methods. Some of them also have catalytic activity, which is the basis for their use in thermochemical processing. In peat raw materials, subjected to the process of self-heating during the storage, there is a change of the group chemical composition with the formation of hydrophobic compounds (termobitums). This opens up additional perspectives of their extraction and usage for hydrophobic modification of mineral disperse materials. The classification of industrial wastes and organomineral resources of peat deposits according to the required qualitative characteristics with the indication of possible directions of additional processing is presented in the paper.