Directional pixel value ordering based secret sharing using sub-sampled image exploiting Lagrange polynomial

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed secret sharing within the sub-sampled image using Directional Pixel Value Ordering (DPVO) for Reversible Data Hiding scheme. The original cover is partitioned into sub-sampled images which extend its size through image interpolation technique. The secret information has been converted through Lagrange interpolation polynomial techniques. These new secret data is embedded within pixels of each interpolated sub-sampled images using DPVO. In the decoder side, the secret data is taken out from the pixels of every stego image using reverse DPVO. After that, Lagrange's interpolation is applied to generate the original secret message. The proposed scheme enhanced the security for the sharable characteristics of secrets amongst several images. It raises the data embedding capacity and improves the visual quality that is determined by peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The average PSNR value is over 60 dB. It shows the superiority of the new algorithm over the other existing data hiding methods regarding payload of data, quality, and security of the image. Also, the stego images have evaluated through standard deviation, regular singular analysis, correlation coefficient, normalized cross-correlation and structural similarity index in between original cover and marked (stego) image to display the robustness of our result among the several steganographic strikes.