Directional emission InP/GaInAsP square-resonator microlasers

Huang, Yong‐Zhen; Che, Kai‐Jun; Yang, Yue-De; Wang, Shijiang; Du, Youwei; Zhang, Fan

doi:10.1364/ol.33.002170

Cited by 89 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This excitation-relaxation generation process of surface plasmons avoids the sophisticated setup required for the indirect generation of surface plasmons by phase match. Furthermore, these directly generated surface plasmons are localised in a wavelength scale square shaped cavity whose feedback mechanism relies on the total internal reflection of surface plasmons at the nanosquare boundaries [31,46,48,49]. The refractive index change of the analyte modifies the cavity resonance wavelength and thus the lasing wavelength.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lasing Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing

Wang

et al. 2017

Nanophotonics

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Abstract:The resonance phenomena of surface plasmons has enabled development of a novel class of noncontact, real-time and label-free optical sensors, which have emerged as a prominent tool in biochemical sensing and detection. However, various forms of surface plasmon resonances occur with natively strong non-radiative Drude damping that weakens the resonance and limits the sensing performance fundamentally. Here we experimentally demonstrate the first lasing-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (LESPR) refractive index sensor. The figure of merit (FOM) of intensity sensing is~84,000, which is about 400 times higher than state-of-the-art surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. We found that the high FOM originates from three unique features of LESPR sensors: high-quality factor, nearly zero background emission and the Gaussian-shaped lasing spectra. The LESPR sensors may form the basis for a novel class of plasmonic sensors with unprecedented performance for a broad range of applications. Keywords:Surface plasmon resonances, stimulated emission, plasmon lasers, sensors Surface plasmons are quasiparticles of coupled photons and electrons excited at the metal surface [1]. They can be tightly localised at the metal surface and thus highly sensitive to its dielectric environment. Surface plasmon sensors operate on the principle that small changes in refractive index at the vicinity of metal surface can result in a shift of surface plasmon resonance, which can be detected at optical far field, allowing non-contact, realtime and label-free sensing and detection [2][3][4][5][6]. In the past two decades, the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors based on propagating surface plasmon polaritons have become a prominent tool for characterising and quantifying biomolecular interactions and are perhaps the most extensively utilised optical biosensors [3,7,8]. However, the propagating surface plasmons on flat surface cannot be directly excited due to their large momentum. In most SPR sensors, the Kretschmann configuration of attenuated total reflection is used to excite surface plasmons, which requires precise adjustment of the incident angle of the probing radiation [3,7,8]. Therefore, it remains a challenge for SPR sensors to have point-of-care performance and satisfy modern nanobiotechnology architectures [3,7,9].Localised surface plasmons (LSPs) are another type of surface plasmons that have begun to be used in sensors recently [4][5][6]. In contrast to its propagating counterpart, LSPs can be excited directly in metallic structures with dimensions less than half the wavelength. Single metal particle with tunable spectra and enhanced local field can be used for sensing, which is much more suitable for the modern nanobiotechnology architectures [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors are with orders of magnitude lower sensitivity compared with propagating SPR sensors [8,13]. Only when measuring refractive index change in the nanometer vicinity to the meta...

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confidence: 99%

Lasing Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing

Wang

et al. 2017

Nanophotonics

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“…Electrically pumped semiconductor microlasers are expected as the key components in future optoelectronic circuits and have been a subject of intense interests in the past two decades [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], of which the circularly shaped disk laser are mostly developed due to its high Q factor whispering gallery modes and significantly low power consuming features [2][3][4][5]. Several schemes, such as double disks (one as ohmic contact and the other as active medium) [2,3] and arm air bridged contact [5], were proposed to overcome the drawbacks of air suspended active semiconductor medium (optically pumping) for electrically pumping, but the fabrication processes are complicated and not suitable for mass production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarization dependent mode dynamics of metallic hybrid laser micro-resonator

Che

Chu

Guo

et al. 2015

Optics Communications

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“…Polygonal microcavities such as squares and hexagons, and polygonal ring cavities such as square ring cavities have attracted a great deal of interest due to the existence of whispering gallery (WG)-like modes, similar to WG modes in disk-type cavities, originating from the total internal reflection (TIR) of light at the boundaries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Microcavities based on WG or WG-like modes are considered to be potential building blocks in photonic integrated circuits for optical filtering, switching, and microlasers [8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical path length L during one round trip, is calculated as [17] (1) where l is the round-trip length of the guided modes. The resonance wavelength λ q can be approximately determined from a ray-optics picture as (2) where q is an integer, and  (60°) is the phase change during total internal reflection at the outer or inner boundaries. Equation (2) has a limitation in calculating the exact λ q because there is a large number of bounces during one round trip, where each bouncing produces the GoosHänchen effect [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lasing of Coupled Guided Modes in Modified Hollow Hexagonal Semiconductor Cavities

Moon¹,

Lee²,

Hyun³

et al. 2014

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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Coupled guided modes, proposed in various modified hollow hexagonal cavities each attached internally to a hexagon, were demonstrated by investigating the laser oscillations in semiconductor cavities. The mode spacing between two adjacent lasing peaks decreased as the size of the internal hexagon increased, due to the increased round-trip length of the coupled guided modes. The linear dependency of the inverse mode spacing to the calculated round-trip length strongly confirmed the lasing of the coupled guided modes. The proposed modes in common-sized external cavities showed resonance structure that could be adjusted widely by controlling the size of the internal hexagon.

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Directional emission InP/GaInAsP square-resonator microlasers

Cited by 89 publications

References 20 publications

Lasing Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing

Lasing Enhanced Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensing

Polarization dependent mode dynamics of metallic hybrid laser micro-resonator

Lasing of Coupled Guided Modes in Modified Hollow Hexagonal Semiconductor Cavities

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