Directional electromechanical properties of PEDOT/PSS films containing aligned electrospun nanofibers

Zhou, Jian; Fukawa, Tadashi; Kimura, Mutsumi

doi:10.1038/pj.2011.62

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Among the CPs family, the poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) exhibits excellent electrical, optical, and mechanical properties [34]. The creation of anisotropic conductivity in PEDOT films was demonstrated recently through the PEDOT doping with anisotropic particles [35,36]. Recently, we demonstrated the ability of the local tuning of PEDOT:PSS local conductivity in a great range through the incorporation of light-isomerized chemical moieties and light-induced migration of PSS chains from the illuminated area and local increase of PEDOT concentration [37,38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Conductive Polymer Film Grafted with Azo-Moieties and Patterned by Light Illumination with Anisotropic Conductivity

et al. 2019

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In this work, we present the method for the creation of an anisotropic electric pattern on thin poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) films through PSS grafting by azo-containing moieties followed by light-induced polymers redistribution. Thin PEDOT:PSS films were deposited on the flexible and biodegradable polylactic acid (PLLA) substrates. The light-sensitive azo-groups were grafted to PSS using the diazonium chemistry followed by annealing in methanol. Local illumination of azo-grafted PEDOT:PSS films through the lithographic mask led to the conversion of azo-moieties in Z-configuration and further creation of the lateral gradient of azo-isomers along the film surface. The concentration gradient led to the migration of PSS away from the illuminated area, increasing the PEDOT chains’ concentration and the corresponding increase of local electrical conductivity in the illuminated place. Utilization of mask with linear pattern results in the appearance of conductive PEDOT-rich and non-conductive PSS-rich lines on the film surface, and final, lateral anisotropy of electric properties. Our work gives an optical lithography-based alternative to common methods for the creation of anisotropic electric properties, based on the spatial confinement of conductive polymer structures or their mechanical strains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Conductive Polymer Film Grafted with Azo-Moieties and Patterned by Light Illumination with Anisotropic Conductivity

et al. 2019

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“…17 To date, most research on PEDOT/PSS-based electroactive materials has focused on two-dimensional films or coated papers. 11,14,15 Therefore, opportunities to design PEDOT/PSS fibers or wires for specific applications, such as functional textiles, or to increase their sensitivity in general remain outstanding. In a previous study, we investigated the electromechanical actuation properties of low conductivity (PEDOT/PSS)/polyvinyl alcohol fibers, which can generate a maximum actuation stress of 11 MPa at 8 V. 18 However, they feature a low response time (80 s), which leads to a slow stress generation rate (0.14 MPa s 1 ) and a narrow operating frequency window (< 1 Hz).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Actuation in PEDOT/PSS-based devices thus results from an electro-thermal-mechanical coupling, a multiphysics nature that facilitates various actuation stimuli. 11,[13][14][15][16] For example, a (PEDOT/PSS)/elastomer bilayer actuator was developed to achieve a bending motion under multiple control stimuli, such as electrical current, heat and humidity changes. 17 To date, most research on PEDOT/PSS-based electroactive materials has focused on two-dimensional films or coated papers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-ampacity conductive polymer microfibers as fast response wearable heaters and electromechanical actuators

et al. 2016

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CitationHigh-ampacity conductive polymer microfibers as fast response wearable heaters and electromechanical actuators 2016, 4 (6) Conductive fibers with enhanced physical properties and functionalities are needed for a diversity of electronic devices. Here, we report very high performance in the thermal and mechanical response of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS) microfibers when subjected to an electrical current. These fibers were made by combining hot-drawing assisted wetspinning process with ethylene glycol doping/de-doping can work at a high current density as high as 1.8 ⇥ 10 4 A cm 2 , which is comparable to that of carbon nanotube fibers. Their electrothermal response was investigated using optical sensors and verified to be as fast as 63 C s 1 and is comparable with that of metallic heating elements (20-50 C s 1 ). We investigated the electromechanical actuation resulted from the reversible sorption/desorption of moisture controlled by electro-induced heating.Results revealed an improvement of several orders of magnitudes compared to other linear conductive polymer-based actuators in air. Specifically, the fibers we designed here have a rapid stress generation rate (> 40 MPa s 1 ) and a wide operating frequency range (up to 40 Hz). These fibers have several characteristics including fast response, low-driven voltage, good repeatability, long cycle life and high energy efficiency, favoring their use as heating elements on wearable textiles and as artificial muscles for robotics.

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“…Interestingly, a study shows that EF exposure generated mechanical stress more than double in strength in composite films with nanofibers perpendicular to the external EF compared to films with parallel alignment 60 . The reported mechanical stress could be a result of Coulomb forces acting between charged fibers, predicted by the rough model simulations (RC, RNC, RNCd) (Figure 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

Verdes

Disney

Phamornnak

et al. 2021

JoVE

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Clinical studies show electrical stimulation (ES) to be a potential therapy for the healing and regeneration of various tissues. Understanding the mechanisms of cell response when exposed to electrical fields can therefore guide the optimization of clinical applications. In vitro experiments aim to help uncover those, offering the advantage of wider input and output ranges that can be ethically and effectively assessed. However, the advancements in in vitro experiments are difficult to reproduce directly in clinical settings. Mainly, that is because the ES devices used in vitro differ significantly from the ones suitable for patient use, and the path from the electrodes to the targeted cells is different. Translating the in vitro results into in vivo procedures is therefore not straightforward. We emphasize that the cellular microenvironment's structure and physical properties play a determining role in the actual experimental testing conditions and suggest that measures of charge distribution can be used to bridge the gap between in vitro and in vivo. Considering this, we show how in silico finite element modelling (FEM) can be used to describe the cellular microenvironment and the changes generated by electric field (EF) exposure. We highlight how the EF couples with geometric structure to determine charge distribution. We then show the impact of time dependent inputs on charge movement. Finally, we demonstrate the relevance of our new in silico model methodology using two case studies: (i) in vitro fibrous Poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) scaffolds and (ii) in vivo collagen in extracellular matrix (ECM).

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Directional electromechanical properties of PEDOT/PSS films containing aligned electrospun nanofibers

Cited by 23 publications

References 36 publications

Flexible Conductive Polymer Film Grafted with Azo-Moieties and Patterned by Light Illumination with Anisotropic Conductivity

Flexible Conductive Polymer Film Grafted with Azo-Moieties and Patterned by Light Illumination with Anisotropic Conductivity

High-ampacity conductive polymer microfibers as fast response wearable heaters and electromechanical actuators

Finite Element Modelling of a Cellular Electric Microenvironment

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