Direction selectivity of simple cells in the primary visual cortex: Comparison of two alternative mathematical models. I: Response to drifting gratings

Ursino, Mauro; Cara, Giuseppe-Emiliano La; Ritrovato, Matteo

doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2006.05.002

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…This asymmetric inhibition has been found in the visual cortex of monkeys [68], cats [5], and mice [21]. Furthermore, various model studies investigated the influence of asymmetric inhibition on direction selectivity [25] and even demonstrated how intercortical inhibition leads to direction selectivity without a temporal offset in the LGN feedforward path [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li et al [21] reported in a study of the mice visual cortex that excitatory synaptic input arrives earlier than inhibitory synaptic input at the preferred direction of the corresponding cell to drive the cell to spike, while at the opposite direction, inhibition arrives earlier. This led to several model studies, which assume that direction selectivity is caused either alone by intercortical inhibition [22, 23], or by the combination of a temporal offset from LGN (as caused by lagged LGN cells) and intercortical inhibition [18, 24, 25, 26]. It has been suggested that the lagged and non-lagged LGN cells create a temporal offset in the input stream, leading to an initial direction selectivity, which is increased through lateral inhibition by suppressing the activity in the null direction [24, 26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these model studies are successful in modeling simple cell spatiotemporal receptive fields and direction selectivity, the temporal dynamics of LGN or simple cells is mainly implemented with a temporal function and not incorporating explicit local neuronal dynamics [17, 18, 16, 24, 25, 26] prohibiting to understand how simple cell STRFs can emerge by the local neuronal dynamics along the visual pathway. To improve our understanding of the emergence of STRFs, the role of lagged LGN cells, and intercortical inhibition for direction selectivity, we present a systematic analysis in a spiking neural network, modeling the visual pathway from the retinal ganglion cells to the primary visual cortex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A systematic analysis of the joint effects of ganglion cells, lagged LGN cells, and intercortical inhibition on spatiotemporal processing and direction selectivity

Larisch,

Hamker

2024

Preprint

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Simple cells in the visual cortex process spatial as well as temporal information of the visual stream and enable the perception of motion information. Previous work suggests that the direction selectivity of V1 simple cells is associated with a temporal offset in the thalamocortical input stream through lagged and non-lagged cells of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), but also with intercortical inhibition. While there exists a large corpus of models for spatiotemporal receptive fields, the majority of them built-in the spatiotemporal dynamics by utilizing a combination of spatial and temporal functions and thus, do not explain the emergence of spatiotemporal dynamics on basis of network dynamics emerging in the retina and the LGN. In order to better comprehend the emergence of spatiotemporal processing and direction selectivity, we used a spiking neural network to implement the visual pathway from the retina to the primary visual cortex. By varying different functional parts in our network, we demonstrate how the direction selectivity of simple cells emerges through the interplay between two components: tuned intercortical inhibition and a temporal offset in the feedforward path through lagged LGN cells. Further, we observe that direction-selective simple cells are linked to a particular spiking pattern in a local excitatory-inhibitory circuit: If the stimulus moves in the non-preferred direction of a simple cell, inhibitory neurons with a different spatial position or tuning spike earlier, preventing the simple cell to spike. However, in the preferred direction, these inhibitory cells spike later, enabling the simple cell to spike.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A systematic analysis of the joint effects of ganglion cells, lagged LGN cells, and intercortical inhibition on spatiotemporal processing and direction selectivity

Larisch,

Hamker

2024

Preprint

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“…They found the latency difference of the inputs to be almost uniformly distributed between 0° and 90°, implying that lagged geniculate cells are not necessary for the generation of direction selectivity. There are also models for direction selectivity that include a contribution from intracortical circuitry (for example Ursino et al [14] ). Given that the sub-cortical timing is contentious, however, cortical involvement in generating direction selectivity becomes hard to interpret.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Stage Model for Fundamental Functional Properties in Primary Visual Cortex

Shariati

Freeman

2012

PLoS ONE

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Many neurons in mammalian primary visual cortex have properties such as sharp tuning for contour orientation, strong selectivity for motion direction, and insensitivity to stimulus polarity, that are not shared with their sub-cortical counterparts. Successful models have been developed for a number of these properties but in one case, direction selectivity, there is no consensus about underlying mechanisms. We here define a model that accounts for many of the empirical observations concerning direction selectivity. The model describes a single column of cat primary visual cortex and comprises a series of processing stages. Each neuron in the first cortical stage receives input from a small number of on-centre and off-centre relay cells in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Consistent with recent physiological evidence, the off-centre inputs to cortex precede the on-centre inputs by a small (∼4 ms) interval, and it is this difference that confers direction selectivity on model neurons. We show that the resulting model successfully matches the following empirical data: the proportion of cells that are direction selective; tilted spatiotemporal receptive fields; phase advance in the response to a stationary contrast-reversing grating stepped across the receptive field. The model also accounts for several other fundamental properties. Receptive fields have elongated subregions, orientation selectivity is strong, and the distribution of orientation tuning bandwidth across neurons is similar to that seen in the laboratory. Finally, neurons in the first stage have properties corresponding to simple cells, and more complex-like cells emerge in later stages. The results therefore show that a simple feed-forward model can account for a number of the fundamental properties of primary visual cortex.

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Direction Selectivity Model Based on Lagged and Nonlagged Neurons

Chizhov

Yakimova

Smirnova

2019

Studies in Computational Intelligence

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Direction selectivity of simple cells in the primary visual cortex: Comparison of two alternative mathematical models. I: Response to drifting gratings

Cited by 4 publications

References 49 publications

A systematic analysis of the joint effects of ganglion cells, lagged LGN cells, and intercortical inhibition on spatiotemporal processing and direction selectivity

A systematic analysis of the joint effects of ganglion cells, lagged LGN cells, and intercortical inhibition on spatiotemporal processing and direction selectivity

A Multi-Stage Model for Fundamental Functional Properties in Primary Visual Cortex

Direction Selectivity Model Based on Lagged and Nonlagged Neurons

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