Direction of saccadic and smooth eye movements induced by electrical stimulation of the human frontal eye field: effect of orbital position

Blanke, Olaf; Seeck, Margitta

doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1395-7

Cited by 39 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We note that activations in the lower part of the inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis), overlapping with Broca's area (sometimes extending to the anterior insula; Dieterich et al, 2003), have not been described as vestibular cortex in animals. On the contrary, other authors found frontal activations more dorsally in the "dorsolateral prefrontal cortex" (Fasold et al, 2002), or in the middle and superior frontal gyri (Bense et al, 2001;Dieterich et al, 2003;Miyamoto et al, 2007;Stephan et al, 2005), that have been proposed to represent vestibular processing in the human FEF in relation to the control of saccades, smooth-pursuit eye movements and nystagmus (Blanke et al, 2000b;Blanke and Seeck, 2003;Paus, 1996;Petit et al, 1997). These potential homologies between oculomotor and vestibular function in human and non-human primates should be regarded with caution as there may be subtle interspecies differences in anatomico-functional organization between area 6 and 8 (Tehovnik et al, 2000).…”

Section: Vestibular Projections To the Frontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Lopez

Blanke

2011

Brain Research Reviews

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The vestibular system provides the brain with sensory signals about three-dimensional head rotations and translations. These signals are important for postural and oculomotor control, as well as for spatial and bodily perception and cognition, and they are subtended by pathways running from the vestibular nuclei to the thalamus, cerebellum and the "vestibular cortex."The present review summarizes current knowledge on the anatomy of the thalamocortical vestibular system and discusses data from electrophysiology and neuroanatomy in animals by comparing them with data from neuroimagery and neurology in humans. Multiple thalamic nuclei are involved in vestibular processing, including the ventroposterior complex, the ventroanterior-ventrolateral complex, the intralaminar nuclei and the posterior nuclear group 2 0 1 1 ) 1 1 9 -1 4 6 Abbreviations: 3aHv, 3a-hand-vestibular area; 3aNv, 3a-neck-vestibular area; ASS, anterior suprasylvian cortex; DVN, descending vestibular nucleus; FEF, frontal eye fields; Ig, insula granularis; IL, intralaminar nuclei; LD, lateral dorsal nucleus; LGN, lateral geniculate nucleus; LP, lateral posterior nucleus; LVN, lateral vestibular nucleus; MGmc, medial geniculate nucleus, pars magnocellularis; MGN, medial geniculate nucleus; MIP, medial intraparietal area; MST, medial superior temporal area; MT, middle temporal area; MVN, medial vestibular nucleus; PIVC, parieto-insular vestibular cortex; PO, posterior group of the thalamus; Reipt, area retroinsularis pars parietalis; Ri, area retroinsularis; SGN, suprageniculate nucleus; SVN, superior vestibular nucleus; TPJ, temporo-parietal junction; VA, ventroanterior thalamic nucleus; Vim, nucleus ventralis intermedius; VIP R A I N R E S E A R C H R E V I E W S 6 7 (

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Section: Vestibular Projections To the Frontal Cortexmentioning

confidence: 97%

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Lopez

Blanke

2011

Brain Research Reviews

Self Cite

458

379

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“…This region is near the inferior boundary of the regions of peak activity related to visually guided saccades in fMRI experiments and has been identified as the FEF by histopathology, fMRI, and cortical stimulation experiments in humans (Ber- Milea et al, 2002;Rosano et al, 2002Rosano et al, , 2003Blanke and Seeck, 2003;Yamamoto et al, 2004). On one hand, it is a concern that the volume of the right but not the left FEF was related to the performance on the antisaccade task; on the other, our results are similar to those from similar analyses of the relationship of antisaccade correct responses to brain volume in normal adults as well as the laterality of results of some fMRI experiments (Ettinger et al, 2005;DeSouza et al, 2003).…”

Section: Localization Of Oculomotor Abnormalities In Ftld and Relatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Medial Versus Lateral Frontal Lobe Contributions to Voluntary Saccade Control as Revealed by the Study of Patients with Frontal Lobe Degeneration

Boxer

Garbutt

Rankin

et al. 2006

Journal of Neuroscience

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Deficits in the ability to suppress automatic behaviors lead to impaired decision making, aberrant motor behavior, and impaired social function in humans with frontal lobe neurodegeneration. We have studied patients with different patterns of frontal lobe dysfunction resulting from frontotemporal lobar degeneration or Alzheimer's disease, investigating their ability to perform visually guided saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements and to suppress visually guided saccades on the antisaccade task. Patients with clinical syndromes associated with dorsal frontal lobe damage had normal visually guided saccades but were impaired relative to other patients and control subjects in smooth pursuit eye movements and on the antisaccade task

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“…Thus, the location and function of the human homologue of the FEF has been a matter of debate for many years (for a review see Schall 1997;Tehovnik 2000). However, electrical stimulation of a region behind, within, and before the precentral sulcus (PCS) of the human brain has been shown to provoke eye movements (Penfield and Jasper 1954;Godoy et al 1990;Lobel et al 2001;Blanke and Seeck 2003). Furthermore, there seems to be a cortical map directing movement that is implemented within the PCS (Rasmussen and Penfield 1948).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional cytoarchitectonic analysis of the posterior bank of the human precentral sulcus

et al. 2005

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Studies employing functional magnetic resonance imaging have identified the human frontal eye field as being in the anterior and partly in the posterior wall, as well as at the base of the precentral sulcus. Moreover, it is known that the frontal eye field extends rostrally to the superior frontal sulcus. According to Brodmann's cytoarchitectonic map, this region belongs to the dysgranular Brodmann area 6 of the premotor cortex. However, the frontal eye field in non-human primates has been located within the arcuate sulcus in Brodmann area 8, generating considerable debate about where to locate exactly the frontal eye field in humans. Functional studies of the primate frontal eye field have revealed a principal homology of voluntary saccadic control systems in human and old-world monkeys, especially the macaque. But these homologies seem to be contradicted by the reported topographic localization at the cytoarchitectonic level. Therefore, we studied the cytoarchitectonic structure of the posterior bank of the precentral sulcus of a human brain, employing newly developed spatial mapping techniques to provide data about whether or not this region should be considered cytoarchitecturally homogeneous or heterogeneous. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging results, as an initial guide in localizing a region which is activated by saccadic tasks. A maximum of activation was detected around the junction of the superior frontal sulcus and the precentral sulcus extending 1.5 cm along the precentral sulcus in direction of the lateral sulcus. Here, one human brain has been analyzed to obtain preliminary data about the cytoarchitectonical changes of a part of area 6. Statistical analysis of the three-dimensional architectonic data from this region allowed us to identify a zone at the posterior bank, which in other studies has been associated with a functional region that controls pursuit eye movements and performs sensory-to-motor transformations. We found two significant sectors along the ventral part of the posterior bank of the precentral sulcus. The caudal transition region coincides partly with a region that integrates retinal and eye position signals for target location, arm, and axial movements. The second more ventrally located region is attributed to process oral-facial movements. The caudal transition region coincides with our functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation. It was revealed that this region lies at the inferior frontal eye field, where a pronounced activation over a larger region can be stimulated. Currently, more studies are needed to combine functional magnetic resonance imaging data of maximal activation with data from whole histologic brain sections of more individuals and to quantify the variability of this region and its sub-regions by means of a standardized brain atlas.

show abstract

Direction of saccadic and smooth eye movements induced by electrical stimulation of the human frontal eye field: effect of orbital position

Cited by 39 publications

References 36 publications

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

The thalamocortical vestibular system in animals and humans

Medial Versus Lateral Frontal Lobe Contributions to Voluntary Saccade Control as Revealed by the Study of Patients with Frontal Lobe Degeneration

Three-dimensional cytoarchitectonic analysis of the posterior bank of the human precentral sulcus

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