Direction dependence of spin relaxation in confined two-dimensional systems

Wenk, Paul; Kettemann, Stefan

doi:10.1103/physrevb.83.115301

Cited by 22 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Since the lowest Cooperon mode typically corresponds to a constant solution in coordinate space, 0|n · Q|0 = 0 holds true and the remaining gauge-transformed (and therefore position-dependent) terms are averaged along the confined directions. This generates a suppression of the spin relaxation rate in small wires (in zero-mode approximation), which is denoted as motional narrowing as it is observed in the cylindrical wire in this work and also earlier in planar quantum wires [32][33][34]. In both cases, the spin relaxation due to first-degree spherical harmonic SOC terms is strongly suppressed for wires of widths much smaller than the spin precession length.…”

Section: General Remarksmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…where α R = γ R E. For convenience and in analogy to previous publications [14,33,34,42], we define the Cooperon HamiltonianĤ c = (hD eĈ ) −1 . An additional Taylor expansion of the integrand in Eq.…”

Section: D Cooperonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below, we follow the approach in Refs. [14,[32][33][34]42] to compute the quantum correction to the conductivity.…”

Section: Quantum Correction To the Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, a variety of theoretical models are needed to appropriately characterize the differing nanowires. The WAL/WL effect in the diffusive regime was analyzed by Kettemann [32] and Wenk [33,34] for planar quantum wires with a zinc-blende lattice. In our preceding article [14], we developed a model for diffusive zinc-blende nanowires where the transport is governed by surface states, which occurs in materials with Fermi level surface pinning [12,25,30,35,36] or core/shell nanowires [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetoconductance correction in zinc-blende semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling

et al. 2017

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We study the effects of spin-orbit coupling on the magnetoconductivity in diffusive cylindrical semiconductor nanowires. Following up on our former study on tubular semiconductor nanowires, we focus in this paper on nanowire systems where no surface accumulation layer is formed but instead the electron wave function extends over the entire cross section. We take into account the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling resulting from a zinc-blende lattice and the Rashba spin-orbit coupling, which is controlled by a lateral gate electrode. The spin relaxation rate due to Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling is found to depend neither on the spin density component nor on the wire growth direction and is unaffected by the radial boundary. In contrast, the Rashba spin relaxation rate is strongly reduced for a wire radius that is smaller than the spin precession length. The derived model is fitted to the data of magnetoconductance measurements of a heavily doped back-gated InAs nanowire and transport parameters are extracted. At last, we compare our results to previous theoretical and experimental studies and discuss the occurring discrepancies.

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Section: General Remarksmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: D Cooperonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Below, we follow the approach in Refs. [14,[32][33][34]42] to compute the quantum correction to the conductivity.…”

Section: Quantum Correction To the Conductivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Magnetoconductance correction in zinc-blende semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling

et al. 2017

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“…This anisotropy, which arises due to the interplay between the Rashba and Dresselhaus SO coupling strengths, could be estimated comparing the spin relaxation time for two distinct channel orientations. Finally, our model could also be used to study the anisotropy of the spin relaxation time [35] and its dependence on the width of the wire [36][37][38][39][40][41], even in the limit of a few-subband quantum wire when the semiclassical approximation is no longer valid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic spin resonance in multisubband quantum wires

2014

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Ballistic spin resonance was experimentally observed in a quasi-one-dimensional wire by Frolov et al. [Nature (London) 458, 868 (2009)]. The spin resonance was generated by a combination of an external static magnetic field and the oscillating effective spin-orbit magnetic field due to periodic bouncings of the electrons off the boundaries of a narrow channel. An increase of the D'yakonov-Perel spin relaxation rate was observed when the frequency of the spin-orbit field matched that of the Larmor precession frequency around the external magnetic field. Here we develop a model to account for the D'yakonov-Perel mechanism in multisubband quantum wires with both the Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. Considering elastic spin-conserving impurity scatterings in the time-evolution operator (Heisenberg representation), we extract the spin relaxation time by evaluating the time-dependent expectation value of the spin operators. The magnetic field dependence of the nonlocal voltage, which is related to the spin relaxation time behavior, shows a wide plateau, in agreement with the experimental observation. This plateau arises due to injection in higher subbands and small-angle scattering. In this quantum mechanical approach, the spin resonance occurs near the spin-orbit-induced energy anticrossings of the quantum wire subbands with opposite spins. We also predict anomalous dips in the spin relaxation time as a function of the magnetic field in systems with strong spin-orbit couplings.

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Physics and application of persistent spin helix state in semiconductor heterostructures

Kohda

Salis

2017

Semicond. Sci. Technol.

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In order to utilize the spin degree of freedom in semiconductors, control of spin states and transfer of the spin information are fundamental requirements for future spintronic devices and quantum computing. Spin orbit (SO) interaction generates an effective magnetic field for moving electrons and enables spin generation, spin manipulation and spin detection without using external magnetic field and magnetic materials. However, spin relaxation also takes place due to a momentum dependent SO-induced effective magnetic field. As a result, SO interaction is considered to be a double-edged sword facilitating spin control but preventing spin transport over long distances. The persistent spin helix (PSH) state solves this problem since uniaxial alignment of the SO field with SU(2) symmetry enables the suppression of spin relaxation while spin precession can still be controlled. Consequently, understanding the PSH becomes an important step towards future spintronic technologies for classical and quantum applications. Here, we review recent progress of PSH in semiconductor heterostructures and its device application. Fundamental physics of SO interaction and the conditions of a PSH state in semiconductor heterostructures are discussed. We introduce experimental techniques to observe a PSH and explain both optical and electrical measurements for detecting a long spin relaxation time and the formation of a helical spin texture. After emphasizing the bulk Dresselhaus SO coefficient γ, the application of PSH states for spin transistors and logic circuits are discussed.

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Direction dependence of spin relaxation in confined two-dimensional systems

Cited by 22 publications

References 26 publications

Magnetoconductance correction in zinc-blende semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling

Magnetoconductance correction in zinc-blende semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling

Ballistic spin resonance in multisubband quantum wires

Physics and application of persistent spin helix state in semiconductor heterostructures

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