Directing selectivity of ethanol steam reforming in membrane reactors

Murmura, Maria Anna; Patrascu, Michael; Annesini, Maria Cristina; Palma, Vincenzo; Ruocco, Concetta; Sheintuch, Moshe

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.03.013

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…9, CO 2 appears to deviate more experimentally, but this data has an estimated average standard deviation of 0.4. At different temperatures CO 2 shows a rather constant mole fraction, as previously reported in the literature [15,18,29,52]. The 2-D model shows this stable CO 2 trend and also it shows a higher accuracy with respect to the experimental points than the 1-D model, possibly due to radial mass transfer effects.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…At high temperatures, the reaction rate of MSR increases, but the activity of WGS decreases. In contrast, at low temperatures, the WGS reaction improves while the MSR deteriorates, as reported by Sahoo et al [53] and Murmura et al [15]. It is important to mention that CO was not detected in the present work; nonetheless, to further explain the phenomenon observed in Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The kinetic properties of ESR for different catalysts have been studied throughout the literature and different mechanisms have been proposed [15,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Nonetheless, it is considered that the reactions shown in Eqs.…”

Section: Framework Of The1-d and 2-d Simulation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it was found that ethanol conversion increases constantly as pressure increases due to the positive effect of pressure on the hydrogen flux across the membrane. Recently, Murmura et al [15] developed a one dimensional simulation work along with a lab scale experiment under low steam to ethanol (S/E) ratios (S/E = 3). It is well known that higher S/E ratio benefits the conversion of ethanol; nonetheless, by utilizing a sweep gas stream in the permeate side, 100% ethanol conversion was achieved under a stoichiometric steam-to-ethanol ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Castro-Dominguez

Mardilovich

et al. 2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Section: Effect Of Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Effect Of Temperaturesupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Framework Of The1-d and 2-d Simulation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Castro-Dominguez

Mardilovich

et al. 2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…In this case, hydrogen separation in a membrane reactor not only shifts the equilibrium conversion, but also shifts the product distribution in the desired direction. This effect has been demonstrated in a Pd membrane reactor packed with a Pt/Ni-CeO catalyst, obtaining very high hydrogen yield (about 4.5 mol H2/mol ethanol at 500°C) with low steam-to-ethanol ratio and moderate pressure level [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

Scale Down of Reforming Processes for Hydrogen Production from Renewable Sources

Annesini¹

2017

World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering

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Hydrogen has attracted much interest as energy carrier, both as feed for fuel cells or as an environmentally friendly fuel for automotive and a transition from a fossil fuel to a hydrogen-based economy has been forecasting for the 2050s. Nowadays, major issues concerning a wide use of hydrogen are related to the lack of a proper H2 grid and problems related to hydrogen storage (mainly due to the low energy density and safety issues). Scale down of the production, allowing a decentralized hydrogen production (close to the end-user), or production on-board of vehicles can bypass these problems.Traditionally, hydrogen is widely used in the chemical industry and it is mainly produced by natural gas (NG) reforming, an endothermic process that demands a large heat input and, due to the equilibrium limitations, high temperature to obtain large conversion. Furthermore, this process requires the integration of different units (the reformer itself, the water gas shift reactor and separation units to recover hydrogen)The challenges for scale down are mainly related to the success in reducing the operating temperature, simplifying the reforming process with integrated units and using liquid feedstock. The use of renewable sources both as feedstock for the reforming and to supply the energy required for endothermic process is also advisable for process sustainability.If reforming is carried out at moderate temperatures (400-500°C), a significant gain in material costs can be achieved; furthermore, at these temperatures, concentrating solar power equipment can be used as energy source for sustaining the hydrogen-producing endothermic reaction, thus reducing the carbon footprint of the process. On the other hand, thermodynamics limit the conversion at 30-40%. Therefore, two approaches have been considered.The first one, carried out with the financial support of the METISOL project of the Italian Environment Ministry, is to exploit the possibility to produce an enriched methane mixture (EM) with a hydrogen content between 10 -30% v/v; such a mixture can be used as feedstock in the traditional natural gas IC engines to improve the engine efficiency and to reduce the emission of green house gases; furthermore EM can be stored and distributed by the standard NG storage systems or medium pressure grid [1]. Indeed if the process is aimed to EM production, hydrogen does not have to be separated from unreacted CH4, but separation units to remove carbon dioxide are required [2].The second one is to use membrane reactors (MR), comprising a palladium or palladium-silver membrane, to overcome the thermodynamic limitation by separating hydrogen from the reacting mixture. Indeed, these membranes have an infinite selectivity for hydrogen and two goals can be achieved: a) the hydrogen separation shifts the reaction towards the product and allow to reach high conversion even at low temperature, b) hydrogen with a very high degree of purity, as required for fuel cells, is obtained. These considerations are at the basis of the CoMETHy (Compact M...

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Multi‐fuel scaled‐down autothermal pure H₂ generator: Design and proof of concept

Patrascu

Sheintuch

2016

AIChE Journal

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This article presents experimental results of an autothermal scaled‐down system for H2 production. Pure atmospheric pressure H2, separated in situ by Pd–Ag membranes, is produced by steam reforming (SR) of methane, ethanol, or glycerol. Oxidizing the SR effluents in a separate compartment supplies the heat. The oxidation feed is axially distributed to avoid hotspots. The 1.3 L system, comprises 100 cm2 of membrane area, and generates H2 flow rate equivalent to 0.15 kW at an efficiency of ∼25%. This process leads to comparable performance when different fuels are used. A mathematical model, validated by the measurements, predicts that increasing the membrane area relative to the outer surface area will substantially increase the efficiency and power output. This design serves as proof of concept for on‐board pure H2 generators, with flexible fuel sources, and holds a great promise to reduce the need for special H2 transport and storage technologies for portable or stationary applications. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 2112–2125, 2016

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Directing selectivity of ethanol steam reforming in membrane reactors

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Scale Down of Reforming Processes for Hydrogen Production from Renewable Sources

Multi‐fuel scaled‐down autothermal pure H₂ generator: Design and proof of concept

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Directing selectivity of ethanol steam reforming in membrane reactors

Cited by 53 publications

References 20 publications

Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Experimental and simulation studies of the production of renewable hydrogen through ethanol steam reforming in a large-scale catalytic membrane reactor

Scale Down of Reforming Processes for Hydrogen Production from Renewable Sources

Multi‐fuel scaled‐down autothermal pure H2 generator: Design and proof of concept

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Product

Resources

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Multi‐fuel scaled‐down autothermal pure H₂ generator: Design and proof of concept