State-to-state cross sections for the S + + H 2 (v, j) → SH + (v′, j′) + H endothermic reaction are obtained with quantum wave packet(WP) and quasi-classical (QCT) methods for different initial rovibrational H 2 (v, j) over a wide range of translation energies. Final state distribution as a function of the initial quantum number is obtained and discussed. Additionally, the effect of the internal excitation of H 2 on the reactivity is carefully studied. It appears that energy transfer among modes is very inefficient, that vibrational energy is the most favorable for reaction and rotational excitation significantly enhance reactivity when vibrational energy is sufficient to reach the product. Special attention is also paid on an unusual discrepancy between classical and quantum dynamics for low rotational levels while agreement improves with rotational excitation of H 2 , An interesting resonant behaviour found in WP calculations is also discussed and is associated to the existence of roaming classical trajectories that enhance the reactivity of the title reaction. Finally, a comparison with the experimental results of Stowe et al. [1] for S + + HD and S + +D 2 reactions, finding a reasonably good agreement with those results.
I IntroductionSulfur is one of the most abundant elements in space, after H, He, O, C and N. Its relative abundance with respect to H is 10 −5 . However, the relative abundance of all the sulfur containing molecules detected so far in space is several order of magnitudes lower. Sulfur has not being detected in ices in space, and it is therefore concluded that it must be present in highly refractive grains, not yet determined [2,3].The first step in the sulfur chemistry is the formation of its hydride, in neutral or cationic form. SH + can be formed in collisions of atomic S with , but ion is only abundant in cold molecular clouds. The recent detection of SH + in hot regions, such as star formation regions [4], diffuse clouds [5,6], and dense PDRs [7], indicates that there must by other routes * alexandre.zanchet@csic.es.
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Europe PMC Funders Author ManuscriptsEurope PMC Funders Author Manuscripts to form this hydride cation. This low rotational N=1 → 0 transition of SH + ( 3 ∑ − ) was recently measured in the laboratory by Halfen and Ziurys [8].One possible pathway is the (1) reaction. This reaction is endothermic for H 2 (v = 0) by ≈ 0.86 eV [1,9], but it may be the source of SH + when considering vibrationally excited states of H 2 (v ≥ 2), as proposed by Agundez et al. [10].Very recently, a potential energy surface (PES) for the ground quartet electronic state of this system has been calculated, and reaction rate constants were obtained using a quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) method [11]. The rates obtained increase substantially with increasing the initial vibrational state of H 2 , and were used to model SH + fractional abundance as a function of the visual extinction, A v . For A v < 3, there is a notorious increase of the abundance of SH + because at t...