Direct Verbal Communication by Parents, Pressure Related to Sport Achievement, and Concussion Safety in Youth Football

Kroshus, Emily; Hoopes, Teah; Bernstein, Elizabeth; Chrisman, Sara P D; Rivara, Frederick P.

doi:10.1080/10810730.2019.1668512

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Although institutional factors measured in the current study provide some information to understand previous diagnosis status (e.g., reporting of previous injuries during a baseline assessment), additional institutional factors-perhaps more specific to local institutional culture-are needed to better understand institutional culture in its entirety. Previous studies have identified institutional policies, coach support, and medical professional presence as institutional cultural factors as potentially relevant to concussion reporting and care seeking (17,(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). It is also possible that institutions are an overly broad level of analysis, with FIGURE 5-Decision tree for all participants (A) and for athletes only at civilian institutions (B), and military academy cadets, including both varsity athletes and nonvarsity athletes (C) using all factors for the athletes only and combined analyses and individual factors for cadet only analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status

Mihalik

Leeds

Kroshus

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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PurposeThere is limited understanding of factors affecting concussion diagnosis status using large sample sizes. The study objective was to identify factors that can accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status among collegiate student-athletes and service academy cadets with concussion history.MethodsThis retrospective study used support vector machine, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, and decision tree machine learning techniques to identify individual (e.g., sex) and institutional (e.g., academic caliber) factors that accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status (all diagnosed vs 1+ undiagnosed) among Concussion Assessment, Research, and Education Consortium participants with concussion histories (n = 7714).ResultsAcross all classifiers, the factors examined enable >50% classification between previous diagnosed and undiagnosed concussion histories. However, across 20-fold cross validation, ROC-AUC accuracy averaged between 56% and 65% using all factors. Similar performance is achieved considering individual risk factors alone. By contrast, classifications with institutional risk factors typically did not distinguish between those with all concussions diagnosed versus 1+ undiagnosed; average performances using only institutional risk factors were almost always <58%, including confidence intervals for many groups <50%. Participants with more extensive concussion histories were more commonly classified as having one or more of those previous concussions undiagnosed.ConclusionsAlthough the current study provides preliminary evidence about factors to help classify concussion diagnosis status, more work is needed given the tested models’ accuracy. Future work should include a broader set of theoretically indicated factors, at levels ranging from individual behavioral determinants to features of the setting in which the individual was injured.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status

Mihalik

Leeds

Kroshus

et al. 2022

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

Self Cite

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“…Parents may fear being judged negatively by their child’s teammates, other parents, or perhaps this negative association can be explained by a belief that other parents do not discuss SRCs with their children (i.e., descriptive norms). One study found parents who apply greater pressure for their children to succeed in sports are less likely to engage in SRC parent-child communication (Kroshus et al, 2019). Conversely, our findings suggest as parental involvement increases, parents are more likely to communicate with their child about SRCs in hopes to prevent negative health consequences derailing their child’s athletic outcomes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We hypothesized all three types of involvement would positively moderate the concussion knowledge to SRC communication intention relationship in such that parents invested in their child’s athleticism and knowledgeable about SRCs would be the most likely to engage in SRC parent-child communication to preserve their child’s health and athletic ability. Involvement has not been previously examined in the SRC literature, and its negative interaction with SRC knowledge to predict communication intentions may explain why one study found no relationship between SRC knowledge and parent-child communication intentions (Kroshus et al, 2019). Research examining parents’ SRC knowledge and communication concurrently are scarce and future studies should explore additional moderators of this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A parent or guardian’s love for the game and a quest for their child’s athletic success can often surpass that of their child. The results of a competitive spirit within a child and parent can result in a win-at-all cost mentality, as parents who place pressure for their children to succeed in sports can are less likely to talk to their child about concussion safety (Kroshus et al, 2019) and this pressure can discourage athletes from reporting SRCs (Fuller et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breaking the Silence: Examining the Role of Parent Involvement and Concussion Knowledge on Sports-Related Concussion Conversations

Hartman

Quick

2023

Communication & Sport

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The current study investigates the role of parents’ concussion knowledge, value-relevant involvement (VRI), outcome-relevant involvement (ORI), and impression-relevant involvement (IRI) on their intentions to communicate with their children about recognizing and reporting sports-related concussions (SRC) symptoms. Among 249 parents of youth athletes between the ages of 9 and 15, SRC knowledge, VRI, and ORI were positively associated with parents' SRC communication intentions, while IRI was a negative predictor. Contrary to our hypotheses, parents with higher IRI were less likely to report SRC communication intentions as knowledge increased. Similarly, as knowledge increased, parents with higher ORI were also less likely to report intentions to communicate with their child about the importance of reporting a SRC. Additionally, parents with lower SRC knowledge were more likely to seek information about communicating with their child about SRCs. The study highlights the importance of considering the interplay between parental involvement and SRC knowledge, as well as underlying factors of SRC parent-child communication. Future research should identify specific goals for SRC communication to optimize educational intervention efforts and maximize the potential impact of communication on SRC reporting rates in youth sports.

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“…Additionally, this article underscores the importance of parents as social referents in the health behaviors of their children. This effort fills voids in SRC research and addresses several calls to investigate parents’ verbal communication about concussion (Cranmer & LaBelle, 2018; Kroshus et al, 2019). Prompting parents to discuss SRC reporting with their children is important, given similar conversations have been found to promote healthy decisions regarding alcohol and drug use, sexual behavior, and nutrition (e.g., Reisch et al, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media Narratives About Concussions: Effects on Parents’ Intention to Inform Their Children About Concussions

Tallapragada

Cranmer

2020

Communication & Sport

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This study examined the effects of media narratives about concussions on parent’s intentions to inform their children about concussions. A randomized experiment of 600 parents whose children play football in middle school or high school were presented with one of the five narrative conditions or the control condition (where parents read a brochure). Results indicate that parents who read the narrative shared from the perspective of a high school football player, a parent, a coach, and a Center for Disease Control and Prevention researcher induced negative emotions, and those exposed to the narratives from the perspective of a high school football player and a parent also experienced a sense of identification and thereby reduced counterargument. Negative emotions and a reduced counterargument influenced intentions of these parents to inform their children of the dangers and risks of playing football and prompted them to read information on sports-related concussions. The results of this study have implications for communities and organizations seeking to motivate parents to engage in informative conversations with their children about the dangers and risks associated with playing football including concussions.

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Direct Verbal Communication by Parents, Pressure Related to Sport Achievement, and Concussion Safety in Youth Football

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status

Optimizing Concussion Care Seeking: Identification of Factors Predicting Previous Concussion Diagnosis Status

Breaking the Silence: Examining the Role of Parent Involvement and Concussion Knowledge on Sports-Related Concussion Conversations

Media Narratives About Concussions: Effects on Parents’ Intention to Inform Their Children About Concussions

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