Direct Synthesis of Al, Mg, Ni, and Ti Nanoparticles by Induction Flow Levitation Technique

Abstract

Nanoparticles of Al, Mg, Ni, and Ti with an average size less than 50 nm were obtained directly from bulk samples by the inductive flow levitation (IFL) technique. The main advantages of this method are high productivity (up to 200 g/h of nanoparticles), control over the size of nanoparticles in a wide granulometric range (0.5–500 nm), and noncontact heating (up to 2500 °C), which determines the purity of the product and the compliance of the method with the basic principles of “green chemistry” (direct synthesis). The IFL method belongs to gas-phase technologies, a distinctive feature of which is metal evaporation in a suspended state (induction levitation) and noncontact heating. For the levitation of volumetric samples, seven types of induction coils were developed in the work in which the “temperature-levitation” properties were investigated. On the inductor of the fifth type, the modes of obtaining nanoparticles with different masses of the seed and the nature of the purge gas were tested. The resulting nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized by a wide range of physicochemical methods: transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM, scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, STSA, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda, dynamic light scattering, and inductively coupled plasma with mass spectrometry. In this work, it has been shown that the IFL method is one of the most promising methods for the synthesis of nanoparticles today, which allows to obtain NPs with a high degree of purity and homogeneity in one stage.

Synthesis of Zinc Nanoparticles by the Gas Condensation Method in a Non-Contact Crucible and Their Physical–Chemical Characterization

“…The size of the obtained samples in this study was determined from the specific surface area obtained by low-temperature nitrogen porosimetry. The technique for determining the size in this way is described in our work [ 30 ].…”

Recent advances in seed coating technologies: transitioning toward sustainable agriculture

“…This technique produces high purity metal powders via container less metal melting and does not involve the use of toxic solvents and is thus environmentally friendly. 128,129 However, the high costs associated with the equipment and energy consumption might be a deterrent for agricultural applications for both resource deficient regions and also for mechanized farming in developed countries. Recently, Abeywardana and coworkers have demonstrated the development and use of novel zincdoped hydroxyapatite (HA)/urea nanohybrid materials for coating seeds to achieve seed based crop protection.…”