Direct retinal projections to GRP neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat

Tanaka, Masaki; Hayashi, Seiji; Tamada, Yoshitaka; Ikeda, Teru; Hisa, Yasuo; Takamatsu, Tetsuro; Ibata, Yasuhiko

doi:10.1097/00001756-199707070-00020

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The present study shows that 1 hr after a brief light pulse, most GFP cells (in the CalB::GFP mouse) in the SCN express Fos. Consistent with our results in mice, retinal terminals contact gastrin-releasing peptide cells in both rats and hamsters (Tanaka et al, 1997;Aioun et al, 1998). VIP cells of the SCN are also known to receive direct retinal input.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

et al. 2004

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

et al. 2004

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“…GRP frequently is colocalized with CalB (LeSauter et al, 2002). Also, GRP cells are retinorecipient in rats (Tanaka et al, 1997) and mice (Karatsoreos et al, 2004). Cells containing GRP express c-fos and Per1 after a light pulse (Earnest et al, 1993;Romijn et al, 1996Romijn et al, , 1998Dardente et al, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signaling within the Master Clock of the Brain: Localized Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by Gastrin-Releasing Peptide

Antle

Kriegsfeld²,

Silver³

2005

J. Neurosci.

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The circadian clock located in the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) exhibits substantial heterogeneity in both its neurochemical and functional organization, with retinal input and oscillatory timekeeping functions segregated to different regions within the nucleus. Although it is clear that photic information must be relayed from directly retinorecipient cells to the population of oscillator cells within the nucleus, the intra-SCN signal (or signals) underlying such communication has yet to be identified. Gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), which is found within calbindin-containing retinorecipient cells and causes photic-like phase shifts when applied directly to the SCN, is a candidate molecule. Here we examine the effect of GRP on both molecular and behavioral properties of the hamster circadian system. Within 30 min a third ventricle injection of GRP produces an increase in the number of cells expressing the phosphorylated form of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (p-ERK1/2), localized in a discrete group of SCN cells that form a cap dorsal to calbindin cells and lateral to vasopressin cells. At 1 h after the peak of p-ERK expression these cap cells express c-fos, Period1, and Period2. Pharmacological blockade of ERK phosphorylation attenuates phase shifts to GRP. These data indicate that GRP is an output signal of retinorecipient SCN cells and activates a small cluster of SCN neurons. This novel cell group likely serves as a relay or integration point for communicating photic phase-resetting information to the rhythmic cells of the SCN. These findings represent a first step in deconstructing the SCN network constituting the brain clock.

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“…Because the topography of SCN organization differs among species, it became more useful to think of the SCN as composed of "core" and "shell" regions, based on physiological and functional criteria (Miller et al 1996;. This brought the advantage of conceptually differentiating two regions but lacked pre- Tanaka et al 1997) or on calbindin and GRP cells (hamster; Bryant et al 2000). Although some retinal fibers may be seen throughout the SCN, the greatest density is in the core region.…”

Section: Section Themes Brief Anatomy Of Scn Focusing On Core and Shementioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Spatiotemporal Organization of SCN Circuits

Yan

Karatsoreos

LeSauter

et al. 2007

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

104

111

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Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neuroanatomy has been a subject of intense interest since the discovery of the SCN's function as a brain clock and subsequent studies revealing substantial heterogeneity of its component neurons. Understanding the network organization of the SCN has become increasingly relevant in the context of studies showing that its functional circuitry, evident in the spatial and temporal expression of clock genes, can be reorganized by inputs from the internal and external environment. Although multiple mechanisms have been proposed for coupling among SCN neurons, relatively little is known of the precise pattern of SCN circuitry. To explore SCN networks, we examine responses of the SCN to various photic conditions, using in vivo and in vitro studies with associated mathematical modeling to study spatiotemporal changes in SCN activity. We find an orderly and reproducible spatiotemporal pattern of oscillatory gene expression in the SCN, which requires the presence of the ventrolateral core region. Without the SCN core region, behavioral rhythmicity is abolished in vivo, whereas low-amplitude rhythmicity can be detected in SCN slices in vitro, but with loss of normal topographic organization. These studies reveal SCN circuit properties required to signal daily time.

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Direct retinal projections to GRP neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the rat

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Phenotype Matters: Identification of Light-Responsive Cells in the Mouse Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Signaling within the Master Clock of the Brain: Localized Activation of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase by Gastrin-Releasing Peptide

Exploring Spatiotemporal Organization of SCN Circuits

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