Direct regeneration of spent LiFePO4 materials via a green and economical one-step hydrothermal process

Yang, Jinyi; Zhou, Kai; Gong, Rui; Meng, Qi; Zhang, Yingjie; Dong, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119384

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[6] The successful regenerative cases for spent LFP batteries also involve effectively compensating for the lack of lithium and achieving the targeted regeneration of restoring the lattice structure and elemental composition. [7] This is achieved not only by directly supplementing the electrode or impregnating the separator with a lithium donor but also by employing chemical pre-lithiation to promote targeted healing within the crystal structure and release additional lithium. [8] When dealing with degraded batteries, the chemical or electrochemical repair agents for lithium compensation in the cathode offer distinct advantages over other methods, especially during the initial charging phase, owing to their high lithium content availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Zhao,

Wang,

Guo

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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After application in electric vehicles, spent LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries are typically decommissioned. Traditional recycling methods face economic and environmental constraints. Therefore, direct regeneration has emerged as a promising alternative. However, irreversible phase changes can significantly hinder the efficiency of the regeneration process owing to structural degradation. Moreover, improper storage and treatment practices can lead to metamorphism, further complicating the regeneration process. In this study, we propose a sustainable recovery method for the electrochemical repair of LFP batteries. We utilize a ligand‐chain Zn‐complex (ZnDEA) as a structural regulator, with its ─NH─ group alternatingly facilitating the binding of preferential transition metal ions (Fe3+ during charging and Zn2+ during discharging). This dynamic coordination ability helps to modulate volume changes within the recovered LFP framework. Consequently, the recovered LFP framework can store more Li‐ions, enhance phase transition reversibility between LFP and FePO4 (FP), modify the initial Coulombic efficiency, and reduce polarization voltage differences. The recovered LFP cells exhibit excellent capacity retention of 96.30% after 1500 cycles at 2 C. The ligand chain repair mechanism promotes structural evolution to facilitate ion migration, providing valuable insights into the targeted ion compensation for environmentally friendly recycling in practical applications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Zhao,

Wang,

Guo

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Toward Sustainable Lithium Iron Phosphate in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Regeneration Strategies and Their Challenges

Yan,

Qian,

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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In recent years, the penetration rate of lithium iron phosphate batteries in the energy storage field has surged, underscoring the pressing need to recycle retired LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries within the framework of low carbon and sustainable development. This review first introduces the economic benefits of regenerating LFP power batteries and the development history of LFP, to establish the necessity of LFP recycling. Then, the entire life cycle process and failure mechanism of LFP are outlined. The focus is on highlighting the advantages of direct recycling technology for LFP materials. Directly regenerating LFP materials is a very promising solution. Directly regenerating spent LFP (S‐LFP) materials can not only protect the environment and save resources, but also directly add lithium atoms to the vacancies of missing lithium atoms to repair S‐LFP materials. At the same time, simply supplementing lithium to repair S‐LFP simplifies the recovery process and improves economic benefits. The status of various direct recycling methods is then reviewed in terms of the regeneration process, principles, advantages, and challenges. Additionally, it is noted that direct recycling is currently in its early stages, and there are challenges and alternative directions for its development.

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Research on green recycling of lithium-ion batteries cathode waste powder

Ding,

Liu,

Fan

et al. 2024

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Direct regeneration of spent LiFePO4 materials via a green and economical one-step hydrothermal process

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Toward Sustainable Lithium Iron Phosphate in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Regeneration Strategies and Their Challenges

Research on green recycling of lithium-ion batteries cathode waste powder

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Direct regeneration of spent LiFePO4 materials via a green and economical one-step hydrothermal process

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Dynamic Li+ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO4 Cathode

Dynamic Li+ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO4 Cathode

Toward Sustainable Lithium Iron Phosphate in Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Regeneration Strategies and Their Challenges

Research on green recycling of lithium-ion batteries cathode waste powder

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Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode

Dynamic Li⁺ Capture through Ligand‐Chain Interaction for the Regeneration of Depleted LiFePO₄ Cathode