Direct recycling of spent Li-ion batteries: Challenges and opportunities toward practical applications

Wei, Gaolei; Liu, Yuxuan; Jiao, Binglei; Chang, Nana; Wu, Mengting; Liu, Gangfeng; Lin, Xiao; Weng, XueFei; Chen, Jinxing; Zhang, Liang; Zhu, Chunling; Wang, Guiling; Xu, Panpan; Di, Jiangtao; Li, Qingwen

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107676

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Esse processo emergiu recentemente como uma solução promissora a nível laboratorial, oferecendo vantagens significativas em termos de consumo de energia, segurança, custo, flexibilidade, meio ambiente e retorno econômico em comparação com métodos de reciclagem pirometalúrgica e hidrometalúrgica (Wei et al, 2023).…”

Section: Processos Alternativos De Reciclagem 51 Diretaunclassified

“…Como resultado, o trabalho manual continua a ser a principal abordagem para a desmontagem das LIBs em curto prazo. Além disso, é necessário ressaltar os riscos inerentes, por exemplo, o eletrólito utilizado nas LIBs contém frequentemente solventes tóxicos, o que representa riscos para a saúde durante o processo de desmontagem (Wei et al, 2023).…”

Section: Processos Alternativos De Reciclagem 51 Diretaunclassified

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Reciclagem de baterias de íon-lítio: uma breve revisão sobre os processos, avanços e perspectivas

Moreira,

Mantegazini,

Andrade

et al. 2024

Braz. J. Prod. Eng.

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Este estudo apresenta uma breve revisão sobre os processos convencionais (pirometalurgia e hidrometalurgia) e alternativos (reciclagem direta, biometalurgia, campo elétrico e por indução térmica) de reciclagem de baterias de íon-Lítio (LIBs). Estes são responsáveis por recuperar materiais valiosos como o lítio, níquel, cobalto, manganês, cobre, alumínio e grafite. Neste trabalho, realizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com a finalidade de obter embasamento teórico consistente para comparar diversas tecnologias de reciclagem de LIBs, a fim de atender a demanda crescente de produção de veículos eletrônicos a bateria (VEBs). Os dados revelam que a reciclagem alternativa é mais eficiente e sustentável quando comparada à convencional. Entretanto, o uso comercial da reciclagem convencional ainda persiste devido ao estabelecimento de tecnologias e infraestrutura em larga escala de produção. Os gargalos tecnológicos associados à reciclagem alternativa precisam ser superados para dar sustentação à cadeia produtiva de LIBs e atender à crescente demanda de VEBs. Estes desafios devem promover o desenvolvimento de tecnologias inovadoras e sustentáveis de reciclagem alinhadas às políticas de gestão de resíduos sólidos e aos padrões internacionais de reciclagem de baterias de lítio.

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Section: Processos Alternativos De Reciclagem 51 Diretaunclassified

Reciclagem de baterias de íon-lítio: uma breve revisão sobre os processos, avanços e perspectivas

Moreira,

Mantegazini,

Andrade

et al. 2024

Braz. J. Prod. Eng.

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show abstract

“…The initial stages of the process present logistical and technological challenges, which can be partially addressed through the establishment of industrial standards for LIBs, the development of efficient human-machine hybrid workstations or eco-conception approaches. [6] On the other hand, challenges in electrolyte recovery and electrode material separation and regeneration require addressing chemical complexities. While only a few works have been performed on the electrolyte recycling, the majority of them employed sub-or supercritical CO 2 processes to extract and recover it.…”

Section: Direct Recycling Of Eol Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, numerous innovative methodologies were developed to extract the electrolyte, or to delaminate, recover and regenerate both negative and positive active materials, as illustrated in some recent review papers providing a current state-of-the-art of the lab-scale research. [5][6][7] This perspective paper does not focus on the diverse approaches for recycling/ regenerating the active materials constituting LIBs, nor addressing the potential of a second life. It has for objective to shed light on all the challenges that face direct recycling whether for electrode production scraps or end-of-life (EOL) batteries, and to propose some research directions to pursue (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Perspectives for Direct Recycling of Electrode Scraps and End‐of‐Life Lithium‐ion Batteries

Hayagan,

Gaalich,

Loubet

et al. 2024

Batteries & Supercaps

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The growing demand and production of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have led to a critical concern regarding their resources and end‐of‐life management. Consequently, LIB recycling has emerged as a prominent topic in academia and in industries, driven by new worldwide governmental regulations and the increasing gap between the supply and demand of critical and strategic raw materials. Widely considered as a more sustainable and cheaper recycling method compared to pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, direct recycling currently grabs the spotlight. This perspective provides insights and outlooks on the chemical and technological challenges of the innovative direct recycling approach for LIBs, addressing both the production scraps and batteries at their end‐of‐life (EOL). Technological advancements, changes in battery chemistry, along with the LIB market dynamics and collaborations between battery makers and recyclers, are key drivers of LIB waste recycling. While production scraps lend themselves well to direct recycling, EOL batteries encounter challenges in adopting this novel recycling technology. Besides, the need to assess novel direct recycling processes using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is also important for identifying eco‐design strategies and optimizing the processes, leading to a more sustainable energy storage system.

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“…However, it should be noted that extremely high‐grade BM free of undesired components is requested from battery manufacturers and current industrial pretreatment is still incapable of producing BM suitable for direct recycling. Further detailed progress of pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and direct recycling in industry and academia can be found in the previous literature 13,14 . Typically, the selling price of BM is predominately tied to the price of precursors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviving spent lithium‐ion batteries: The advancements and challenges of sustainable black mass recovery

Ran,

Yoon,

Jöckel

et al. 2024

Battery Energy

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Ideally, once batteries reach their end‐of‐life, they are expected to be collected, dismantled, and converted into black mass (BM), which contains significant amounts of valuable metals. BM can be regarded as a sort of urban mine, where recyclers extract and reintroduce the materials into new battery manufacturing. Focusing on BM, this article discusses the necessity of BM recovery and current recycling situations. Although the benefits of recycling are widely acknowledged, many challenges and issues remain. The BM market is still in its infancy and relevant regulatory frameworks need to be updated with respect to the widespread use and advancement of lithium‐ion batteries. Current BM producing and processing technologies are gaining momentum and still have room for large improvements in terms of economic feasibility and environmental footprint. Finding solutions for these challenges in the end requires efforts from both researchers and industrial stakeholders with growing interests and long‐term patient engagement. Battery regulations and legal support are highly anticipated for industries to keep high levels of commitment to long‐term investments.

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Direct recycling of spent Li-ion batteries: Challenges and opportunities toward practical applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 72 publications

Reciclagem de baterias de íon-lítio: uma breve revisão sobre os processos, avanços e perspectivas

Reciclagem de baterias de íon-lítio: uma breve revisão sobre os processos, avanços e perspectivas

Challenges and Perspectives for Direct Recycling of Electrode Scraps and End‐of‐Life Lithium‐ion Batteries

Reviving spent lithium‐ion batteries: The advancements and challenges of sustainable black mass recovery

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