“…Ether alcohols, such as chlorphenesin, 2-phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, pentanediol, hexanediol, and octanediol, recognized as gentler preservative alternatives, also offer broad-spectrum antibacterial benefits [27][28][29]. Organic acids and their salts, containing levulinic acid, anisic acid, sorbic acid/potassium sorbate, and benzoic acid/sodium benzoate, although less effective against bacteria, inhibit fungi and are often used in combination with other substances like hydantoin for enhanced preservation [30,31]. Ether alcohols, such as chlorphenesin, 2-phenoxyethanol, benzyl alcohol, pentanediol, hexanediol, and octanediol, recognized as gentler preservative alternatives, also offer broad-spectrum antibacterial benefits [27][28][29].…”