Direct Pulp Capping in Carious Ex Posed Permanent Teeth Assessing the Superiority Between Biodentin and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Abstract

Direct pulp capping is an essential technique in endodontic therapy, where it is used to preserve the vitality and functionality of the dental pulp when it has been exposed due to caries or trauma. Objective: The study aims to find the direct pulp capping in carious exposed permanent teeth, assessing the superiority between biodentin and mineral trioxide aggregate. Methods: This randomised control trial was conducted at Sardar Begum Dental College/Hospital Peshawar from January 2023 to June 2023. Data was collected from 112 patients. A total of 112 patients with carious-exposed permanent teeth requiring direct pulp capping were included in the study. Participants in Group A underwent direct pulp capping using Biodentine, while those in Group B received direct pulp capping with MTA. Experienced endodontists performed the procedures following standardised protocols. Pre-operative and post-operative assessments included clinical examination, pulp vitality testing, and radiographic evaluation. Results: Data were collected from 112 patients according to the study's methodology. A 24-month trial period of carrier and MTA proved that they could consistently have high clinical success rates of direct pulp cap for the carious surface of the permanent tooth. In the first 6 months, Biodentine was more successful, 85%, than MTA, 78%, but similar results were presented in 12 months (80% compared to 78%). The radiographic evaluation was done for the healt of periapical healing in the dentine to MTA, which revealed no statistical differences in all the radiographic follow-up intervals. Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) groups across all follow-up intervals. At 6 months, Biodentine demonstrated a mean healing score of 4.2 ± 0.8, slightly higher than MTA's 4.0 ± 0.7. Conclusion: It is concluded that both Biodentine and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) exhibit comparable effectiveness in direct pulp capping of carious-exposed permanent teeth, with high clinical success rates and favourable periapical healing outcomes observed in both groups.